Dynamic identification and model calibration of connection stiffness in multi-storey cross-laminated timber buildings
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2023
S. Tulebekova, K.A. Malo, A. Rønnquist
This study presents the dynamic identification of cross-laminated timber (CLT) residential buildings and the corresponding finite element model calibration of connection stiffness in CLT buildings. A total of 7 CLT buildings, ranging from 9-storeys to 13-storeys, were instrumented with accelerometers and their dynamic properties (natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios) were identified. For CLT buildings the resistance to lateral loads is concentrated at the connections (screws, ang...

Calculating moisture transmissivity of adhesive layers of engineered timber by Bayesian inference
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/... [Moisture/Durability] [Journal Article] 2023
W. Liu, Y. Li, Z. Zhang
The adhesive layer significantly affects moisture transfer process in MET and consequently its long-term structural behaviour. However, its detailed role in the transport of water vapour and bound water is still unclear. This paper uses a Bayesian framework to investigate its behaviour. Modifications to the multi-Fickian model for unsteady moisture transfer process in wood were proposed to improve its efficiency and stability. Tests were conducted on sorption rate of timber samples with differe...

Bending performance of nail-laminated bamboo-timber panels made with glubam and fast-grown plantation Chinese fir
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2023
T.Y. Li, J.Y. Deng, J.Q. Chen, Y. Xiao, B. Shan, H. Xu, S.J. Qin
This study attempts to develop a novel structural nail-laminated panel constructed of engineered bamboo and local fast-grown plantation Chinese fir. An experimental program is reported in this paper on static bending behaviors of such nail-laminated bamboo-timber (NLBT) panel. Twelve NLBT specimens, including five short span specimens without butt joints and seven long span specimens with different butt joints were manufactured and tested....

Platforming for industrialized building: a comparative case study of digitally-enabled product platforms
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/096132... [Markets] [Journal Article] 2023
S. Zhou
Digitally-enabled product platforms are becoming prominent approaches for industrialized building. Such a platform is a collection of common and stable modules and interfaces that can derive products effectively using digital delivery. The usage of construction product platforms has been studied in the existing buildings literature; however, there is relatively less on firms’ strategies of platform elements for platforming, which encompasses both the development and deployment of a digitally-ena...

Nonlinear Modeling of Midrise Cross-Laminated Timber Buildings Through Parallel and Sequential Computing Techniques
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-03... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2023
F. Benedetti, A. Jara-Cisterna, S. Meza, J. Castillo
The seismic analysis of mass timber structures through numerical models is challenging due to the system's large number of nonlinear components and the complex failure mechanisms developed. Additionally, if long-duration megathrust earthquake recordings need to be considered, the time consumption of the computation increase significantly. Therefore, refined and advanced nonlinear numerical models that demand high computation capacity need to be considered....

Optimizing composite floors for sustainability and efficiency: Cross laminated timber, concrete types, and ductile notch connectors with enhanced shape
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2023
S. Lecours, T.T. Nguyen, L. Sorelli, P. Blanchet, K. Durand
Timber-concrete composite (TCC) structures allow designing efficient building floors in terms of lightness, slenderness, and acoustic insulation. The late development of ductile notch connectors has further advanced TCC structures. This work aims to further optimize the shape of ductile notch connections and to optimally design TCC floors with minimum embodied carbon, floor thickness, self-weight and cost....

Cyclic behaviour of CLT shear wall hold-down connections using mixed angle self-tapping screws
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2023
T. Wright, M. Li, D. Moroder, H. Lim, D. Carradine
This paper experimentally examines structural performance of novel cross laminated timber (CLT) hold-down connections consisting of customised steel brackets and self-tapping screws installed with mixed angles relative to loading. The installation of screws at mixed angles combines the high strength and stiffness of inclined screws with the high ductility of 90° screws creating a strong, stiff, and ductile connection. A total of 30 high capacity connection specimens comprising two timber species...

Reports Summarize Structural Engineering Study Results from University of British Columbia (Equivalent Viscous Damping for Steel Moment-Resisting Frames with Cross-Laminated Timber Infill Walls)
https://login.ezp1.lib.umn.edu/login?qurl=https://... [Design/Architectural aspects] [Magazine/Newspaper Article] 2016
VerticalNews
Investigators publish new report on Structural Engineering. According to news reporting originating in Vancouver, Canada, by VerticalNews journalists, research stated, "In the direct displacement-based design method, energy dissipative capacity of structures can be represented by an equivalent viscous damping (EVD). A number of studies have been reported in the formulation of EVD for different structural systems and hysteretic models." ...

Substitution benefits of British Columbia's mitigation strategies in the bioeconomy
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11027-0... [Environmental Performance] [Journal Article] 2023
S.H. Xie, W.A. Kurz, P.N. McFarlane
Globally, efforts to increase land sector contributions to net-zero emissions are pursued. Harvested wood products may retain carbon, and substitute emission-intensive products. The emission reductions achieved through substitution, or substitution benefits, can inform the design of climate-effective wood-use strategies. Mitigation analyses of a wood-based bioeconomy therefore need to include substitution to evaluate the mitigation outcomes across sectors. Substitution benefits can be estimated ...

Mechanical performance of notched shear connections in CLT-concrete composite floor
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2023
Q. Xu, M. Wang, L. Chen, K.A. Harries, X. Song, Z. Wang
The results of a series of an experimental study and theoretical analysis of the shear performance of notched shear connections in CLT-concrete composite floor are presented. In total, twenty-seven specimens were prepared and tested in direct shear under monotonic loading conditions. The test variables consisted of connection type, notch depth, screw inclination and depths of CLT panel and reinforced concrete layer. Adhesive and self-tapping screws were used in the notches to enhance the stiffn...

Experimental study on traditional timber-concrete hybrid house with different types of roofs using shake table
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-13... [Seismic Performance] [Conference Paper] 2023
M. Mahmoud, T.L. Lau
Buildings with different roofing systems possess different seismic performance during earthquake. Most of the traditional buildings are susceptible to earthquake disaster due to no seismic loading is considered in the design. In addition, irregular buildings have been proven to perform badly during earthquake events. Due to lack of investigations on asymmetrical timber-concrete hybrid building under earthquake loading, a ¼ of this type of building model was tested seismically using a unidirectio...

Can future cities grow a carbon storage equal to forests?
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-93... [Environmental Performance] [Journal Article] 2023
I. Talvitie, A.E. Kinnunen, A. Amiri, S. Junnila
This study presents a Carbon Storage Factor indicator for new urban developments. It is a novel concept which integrates urban planning, land use changes and wooden construction. The factor sets a carbon storage requirement for new urban areas that are developed at the expense of forested areas. The study is conducted in four parts. First, we estimate the carbon storage potential of forest areas via existing literature and databases. Then we collect all new development and construction estimate...

The influence of notch connection location on the short-term behaviour of timber-concrete composite beams
https://www.fracturae.com/index.php/fis/article/vi... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2023
H. Zinelaabidine, B. Zeineddine, F. Noureddine
Timber-concrete composite beams, known as TCC beams, have been widely used in rehabilitation or in new buildings where several types of connections are commonly inserted to ensure partial composite action between the timber joist and the concrete slab.This paper aims to develop a FE model for TCC beams with notched connections. It considers realistic interactions between different components. The developed FE model can satisfactorily predict the full range load-midspan deflection curves and the ...

A comparison of numerical approaches to quantity sound insulation of lightweight wooden floor structures
https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/ince/inc... [Vibration/Acoustic Performance] [Conference Paper] 2023
M. Bader Eddin, J.M. Broyles, S. Ménard, D. Bard
The three numerical methods are tested on the sound insulation of a cross laminated timber floor. The results of this study show that there are advantages for using each approach. The ANN model is able to accurately predict the sound insulation performance at high frequencies, but over-predicts the performance at low frequencies. Inversely, the analytical and FEM strategies provide closer estimates of low frequency sound insulation performance but overpredict the performance at high frequencies....

Experimental campaign on the mechanical properties of Canadian small clear spruce-pine-fir wood
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2023
C. Loss
This article contains an experimental dataset related to the mechanical properties of Canadian small clear spruce-pine-fir wood. Motivated by the necessity of shading light on the orthotropic mechanical behavior of clear specimens of two of the most common wooden grades used for the manufacturing of cross-laminated timber panels in North America, a comprehensive experimental campaign on small clear spruce-pine-fir wood specimens, based on ASTM D143-22, has been conducted in the Department of Woo...

FLAMMABILITY AND BURNING BEHAVIOUR FOR MASS TIMBER PROTECTED USING INTUMESCENT COATINGS
https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5cdbcb5a7a1... [Fire Performance] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2022
Edwin Alejandro Ayala Tovar
The study presented herein shows a comparative experimental methodology to investigate timber fundamentals protected with intumescent coating against fire. The experiments employed a commercially available, transparent intumescent coating for a range of applied DFT and at varied heating conditions. The substrate employed is Sitka Spruce CLT with a 1-component polyurethane adhesive. The incident heat fluxes varied between 20 and 60 [kW/m2 ] , and the DFT applied to the tested samples was 127, 328...

Experimental Assessment of Alternative Shear Connections in Cross-Laminated Timber-Concrete Floor Systems
https://login.ezp1.lib.umn.edu/login?qurl=https://... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2023
Ian Morrell, Christopher Higgins, Arijit Sinha, Andre R. Barbosa
New building code changes enable mass timber panels (MTP), including cross-laminated timber (CLT), to be used in moderate and tall buildings as a floor system, usually with a concrete topping. A floor system of CLT composite with a reinforced concrete topping slab can provide increased stiffness and strength, making the system more advantageous. Present connection methods used to produce composite action within timber-concrete composites (TCC) have limitations when considering constructability o...

Shear performance of assembled shear connectors for timber–concrete composite beams
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2022
Z. Ling, H. Zhang, Q. Mu, Z. Xiang, L. Zhang, W. Zheng
This paper presents three types of assembled shear connectors consisting of a steel component anchored to timber by screws and glued-in rods (GiRs) for timber-concrete composite (TCC) beams. Single-shear tests were carried out to evaluate the shear performance of the proposed shear connectors....

Proposed Design Methods for Timber Members Subjected to Blast Loads
https://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/%28ASCE%29CF.1... [Design/Architectural aspects] [Journal Article] 2022
G. Doudak, C. Viau, D.N. Lacroix
Current blast design provisions for wood members are limited and may unintentionally lead to designs that are too conservative or not sufficiently safe. Novel methodologies for the design of light-frame wood stud walls, glulam members, as well as cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels subjected to blast loads are proposed and verified with published experimental full-scale test results. Additionally, full-scale static and dynamic experimental tests were conducted as part of this study to augment pu...

Large-Scale Enclosure Fire Experiments Adopting CLT Slabs with Different Types of Polyurethane Adhesives
https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/5/2/39... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2022
D. Hopkin, W. Węgrzyński, M. Spearpoint, I. Fu, H. Krenn
This paper provides understanding of the fire performance of exposed cross-laminated-timber (CLT) in large enclosures. An office-type configuration has been represented by a 3.75 by 7.6 by 2.4 m high enclosure constructed of non-combustible blockwork walls, with a large opening on one long face. Three experiments are described in which propane-fuelled burners created a line fire that impinged on different ceiling types. ...