Crosslamtimber Building Systems CLT building
https://crosslamtimber.com.au/CLTbuilding... [Commercial/Company Information] [Web Page] 2019
Sustainable Building Resources
INDIVIDUAL HOUSES Timber has been appreciated as a building material since humans started building shelters – today it is the only conventional construction material that is truly renewable. It is experiencing an incredible revival with increasing demand for a sustainable high-tech product that also contributes to a healthy indoor environment....

Performance-Based Shear Wall Design of Six-Story Neeswood Capstone Building via Simplified Direct Displacement Design Procedure
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269086499... [Seismic Performance] [Conference Paper] 2010
Weichiang Pang, D. V. Rosowsky, John W. van de Lindt, Shiling Pei
This paper presents a simplified direct displacement design (DDD) procedure which was used in the design of the shear walls for a six-story wood frame test building for a Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation project (NEESWood). The test building was designed to meet four performance expectations (damage limitation, life-safety, far-field collapse prevention, and near-fault collapse prevention). The NEESWood Capstone Building was recently tested in-full-scale on the E-defense (Miki) shak...

Controlled Rocking CLT Walls for Buildings in Regions of Moderate Seismicity: Design Procedure and Numerical Collapse Assessment
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319072149... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2017
Michael Kovacs, Lydell Wiebe
ontrolled rocking heavy timber walls are designed to rock on their foundations in response to earthquakes. For regions of moderate seismicity, it is proposed that this rocking behaviour can be adequately controlled using only post-tensioning, even with a large force-reduction factor and no supplemental energy dissipation. This article presents a force-based design procedure for controlled rocking cross-laminated timber walls without supplemental energy dissipation, including a method for estimat...

Non-linear dynamic analysis to assess the seismic performance of cross-laminated timber structures
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325966659... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2018
Maria Cristina Porcu, Claudio Bosu, Igor Gavric
Timber structures are widely recognized to perform very well under strong ground motions. A non-linear dynamic analysis can be carried out to assess their seismic performance for design purposes, as allowed by the current regulations. When dealing with timber structures, however, the difficulties typically involved by this very powerful method of analysis may increase and sometimes become even overwhelming. The reasons are mainly due to insufficient experimental data, lack of standard constituti...

The lateral load resistance of unclassified cross-laminated timber walls: Experimental tests and theoretical approach
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324258047... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2018
Husam Wadi, Sofiane Amziane, M. Taazount
This paper focuses on the mechanical behaviour of unclassified cross-laminated timber walls under lateral loading (seismic and wind loads). Unclassified wooden planks were used to construct the wall unit with an odd number of layers (three) for each wall, with the planks in each layer in a perpendicular relative orientation. In this research, an experimental study of large-scale timber walls was carried out with a view to determining the lateral load resistance. Diagonal struts, under tension an...

FE analysis of CLT panel subjected to torsion and verified by DIC
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258170110... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2015
Václav Sebera, Lech Muszynski, Jan Tippner, Mélanie Noyel, Thomas Pisaneschi, Benjamin Sundberg
The goal of this study was to analyze behavior of the cross-laminated timber (CLT) panel subjected to torsion and develop an efficient procedure for quick verification of numerical model of CLT that subsequently may be used for virtual prototyping of non-standard CLT products. Study used both experiments based on optical measurement using digital image correlation (DIC) and numerical modeling by means of finite element method (FEM). A physical torsion test of the CLT panel was first analyzed in ...

Designers Circle Spring 2018 - Measuring the Environmental Performance of Engineered Wood Products
https://www.apawood.org/designerscircle-spring-201... [Environmental Performance] [Magazine/Newspaper Article] 2018
APA
Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a comprehensive measure of the total environmental impact of a product, assembly, or structure. True to its name, LCA is a holistic measure that examines the entire life cycle of a product, start to finish. Life cycle assessment measures energy expended during all aspects of service life, encompassing raw material extraction, manufacture, distribution, use, maintenance, and disposal....

Experimental Study of Combustible and Non-combustible Construction in a Natural Fire
http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10694-014-0407-4... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2015
Xiao Li, Xia Zhang, George Hadjisophocleous, Cameron McGregor
With the adoption of performance-based fire design and the development of new engineered wood products, wood-based mid-rise and high-rise buildings are beginning to be constructed all around the globe. This trend has accelerated efforts to gain more understanding of the risks associated with combustible construction. To compare the differences between combustible and non-combustible construction, a series of full scale fire tests was conducted at Carleton University, the results of which are pre...

Modelling of heat transfer in timber exposed to fire
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308984206... [Fire Performance] [Conference Paper] 2016
Van Diem THI, M. Khelifa, Mohammed El Ganaoui, Yann Rogaume
This paper presents a numerical model for heat transfer in timber structures. The thermal behaviour is described by the standard Fourier heat equation. The chosen model integrates the three modes of heat transfer; namely: conduction, radiation and convection during the fire exposure. The theory and the boundary conditions associated with the model are briefly discussed. The identification of the model parameters is carried out with the experimental data available in literature. The simulation re...

Fire Safety of Glued-Laminated Timber Beams in Bending
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314669020... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2017
Michael Klippel, Andrea Frangi
Design models for timber structures with fire-resistance requirements usually take into account the loss in cross section due to charring and the temperature-dependent reduction in strength and stiffness of the residual cross section. Standards for glued timber elements like glued-laminated timber beams have assumed that structural adhesives do not influence the fire resistance, but further specifications of adequate adhesive requirements are missing. Investigations were therefore conducted to d...

Brandverhalten von Brettsperrholz (Fire behavior of cross laminated timber)
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/293195134... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2016
Michael Klippel, Andrea Frangi
Fire behaviour of cross-laminated timber Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) is currently used in modern timber structures for load-bearing wall, floor or roof elements as a high quality, innovative and cost-effective structural element. Careful planning and implementation ensures the safe use of CLT in buildings with increased fire protection requirements and in accordance with the requirements of building-design standards (e. g. EN 1995-1-1 and EN 1995-1-2) [1, 2]. Worldwide, many fire tests with CLT...

How monitoring CLT buildings can remove market barriers and support designers in North America: an introduction to preliminary environmental studies
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326551201... [Moisture/Durability] [Journal Article] 2018
Evan Schmidt, Mariapaola Riggio, Paul Laleicke, Andre R. Barbosa, Kevin van den Wymelenberg
Currently, design of tall wood buildings is generally accomplished in the USA through the so-called alternate means process, with requires extensive testing, engineering analysis, and a stringent peer review process. As it pertains to cross-laminated timber (CLT), it is critical to develop effective performance prediction models, through laboratory testing elaborating on material behaviors (e.g. hygrothermal, vibrational, etc.) as well as monitoring data on the mid- to long-term performance of t...

Simulation of the Fire Resistance of Cross-laminated Timber (CLT)
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs1... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2018
Joachim Schmid, Michael Klippel, Alar Just, Andrea Frangi, Mattia Tiso
Cross-laminated timber, typical abbreviations CLT or XLAM, is currently one of the most innovative product in building with wood. This solid engineered timber product provides advantages compared to other solid timber slabs as the dimension stability , i.e. swelling and shrinkage, is controlled by the crosswise laminations. As for other components, the fire resistance has to be verified for this type of product. While fire testing is time consuming and costly, simulations provide flexibility to ...

Special Issue on Timber in Fire - Fire Technology
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs1... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2015
Luke A. Bisby, Andrea Frangi
Timber is amongst the oldest building materials used by humankind. We have been building with timber for millennia, and in its various forms timber has consistently remained a key structural and building material in most cultures (along with masonry and, more recently, concrete and steel). However, various conflagrations in largely timber-built towns and cities around the world throughout the history of civilization-typically called the Great Fires (e.g. of Rome, Con-stantinople, Hangzhou, Utrec...

Earthquake Behaviour of Modern Timber Construction Systems
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/44939707_... [Seismic Performance] [Conference Paper] 2010
Patrick Schädle, Hans Joachim Blaß
Several modern timber construction systems outside the timber frame system have become accepted throughout Europe in the past few years. Comprehensive shear wall testing of two modern timber construction systems was carried out at KIT. Additional tests on timber frame construction provided the possibility to compare the test results of the modern systems and the “traditional” timber frame construction. Numerical modelling was performed on both systems to study the real-time domain performance an...

When designing cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels for gravity load applications such as floor or roof panels, should I use the CLT layups defined in the ANSI/PRG 320 standard as the basis of design?
http://www.woodworks.org/experttip/designing-cross... [Standards/Building code] [Others] 2019
WoodWorks
Cross-laminated timber is an engineered wood component manufactured from dimension lumber or structural composite lumber to create large, flat panels of solid wood. It is a member of a new class of massive (or “mass”) timber products—i.e., large-dimension engineered structural wood components that complement the dimension sawn lumber, solid sawn timbers, and structural composite lumber products frequently used in building framing. Other forms of mass timber construction include nail-laminated ti...

Cross-laminated timber connections assembled with a combination of screws in withdrawal and screws in shear
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325101283... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2018
Afrin Hossain, Marjan Popovski, Thomas Tannert
The research presented in this paper examines the performance of 3-ply cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels connected with self-tapping screws (STS). Half-lap joints with STS loaded in either shear or withdrawal along with an innovative solution combining these two approaches were evaluated in a total of 24 quasi-static monotonic and 15 reversed cyclic tests. The CLT joint performance was evaluated in terms of load-carrying capacity, yield strength, deformation capacity, stiffness, and ductility....

Thermo-hydric transfer within timber connections under fire exposure: Experimental and numerical investigations
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259521838... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2014
Abdoulaye, Samaké, Mustapha Taazount, Philippe Audebert, Patricio Palmili
Connections within timber structures are highly vulnerable areas when exposed to fire, especially when made of fasteners with different thermal and mechanical properties. This mechanical cohabitation can generate, because of material permeability differences, additional physico-chemical phenomena. These phenomena are affected by the coupling of heat and moisture transfers, which can alter the mechanical behaviour of timber structures. In order to improve our knowledge of the thermo-hydric timber...

Effects of Fuel Load and Exposed CLT Surface Configuration in Reduced-Scale Compartments
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325319406... [Fire Performance] [Conference Paper] 2018
Chris Bateman, Alastair Bartlett, Lukas Rutkauskas, Rory Hadden
With increasing regularity, compartments with exposed timber boundaries are being proposed in high-rise buildings. However, due to the combustible nature of timber, the fire-specific risks associated with these decisions must be thoroughly explored. In particular the requirement that the timber stops burning after the imposed fuel load has been consumed must be fulfilled. By means of reduced scale experiments it was determined that sustained burning was dependent on both the configuration of exp...

Tall Timber Buildings: What’s Next in Fire Safety ?
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278724375... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2015
David Barber
The built environment is constantly changing. Interest has been growing around the world in the design and construction of taller timber buildings. The demand is not only due to the availability of new innovative materials like cross-laminated timber (CLT), but predominantly based upon the need for green and sustainable architecture, driven by building owners, managers and designers who see timber as a positive solution given the sustainable credentials it offers....