Modelling the radiation efficiency of orthotropic cross-laminated timber plates with simply-supported boundaries
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Vibration/Acoustic Performance] [Journal Article] 2019
Andrea Santoni, Stefan Schoenwald, Patrizio Fausti, Hans-Martin Trobs
In this paper two prediction models to evaluate the radiation efficiency of orthotropic plates, developed with different approaches, are presented. A sound radiation model, based on an analytical/modal approach, is developed for a thin orthotropic plate, with the principal directions aligned with the edges. The model allows to consider the contribution of each mode, either resonant or non-resonant, as well as the influence of fluid loading on the plate dynamic response and on sound radiation. Mo...

Experimental assessment of a novel steel tube connector in cross-laminated timber
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2018
J. Schneider, T. Tannert, S. Tesfamariam, S.F. Stiemer
This paper summarises experimental investigations conducted on a novel connector assembly consisting of hollow steel tubes placed inside cross-laminated timber panels. The criteria that drove the connector development were: (i) easy to manufacture and install; (ii) high capacity, stiffness, and ductility; and (iii) neglectable damage to the timber. A total of 24 test assemblies with varying steel tube diameters (ranging from two to four inch) were tested using quasi-static monotonic and reversed...

Cross laminated timber (CLT) in compression perpendicular to plane: Testing, properties, design and recommendations for harmonizing design provisions for structural timber products
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2018
R. Brandner
Timber exposed to compression perpendicular to grain stresses is of concern in all timber constructions. The challenge is the high diversity of possible load configurations, which mandates for a generic approach with basic properties and case individual adaptations of resistance and stiffness. As the consequences of exceeding the allowed stresses are relatively small, there has been a lively debate on whether compression perpendicular to grain should be treated as an ultimate or better as a serv...

Experimental investigation of the axial strength of glued-in rods in cross laminated timber
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1617/s11527-0... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2018
Boris Azinovic, Erik Serrano, Miha Kramar, Tomaz Pazlar
This paper presents results from an experimental assessment of glued-in rods in cross laminated timber (CLT). For the purposes of the study more than 60 pull–pull tests were performed, where the specimens varied in terms of bonded-in length (from 80 to 400 mm), rod diameter (16–24 mm) and rod-to-grain angle (parallel and perpendicular). Several different failure modes that are not common for other applications of glued-in rods (e.g., a failure between CLT layers) were obtained for the analysed C...

ANSI/APA PRG 320-2012: Standard for Performance-Rated Cross-Laminated Timber
https://oregonclt.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/a... [Standards/Building code] [Standard] 2012
ANSI
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Benefits of Building with Cross Laminated Timber
http://www.acppubs.com/trends/benefits-of-building... [General Information] [Web Page] 2017
Casey Malmquist
1/21/2019 Benefits of Building with Cross Laminated Timber | 2017-03-24 | ACPhttps://www.acppubs.com/articles/509-benefits-of-building-with-cross-laminated-timber 1/8PeopleProjectsTrendsEventsSign InCreate AccountSearchPeopleProjectsTrendsEventsHome » Benefits of Building with Cross Laminated TimberBenefits of Building with Cross LaminatedTimberMarch 24, 2017Casey MalmquistNo Commentshttps://www.acppubs.com/topics/281-western-builderhttps://www.acppubs.com/articles/topic/318-peoplehttps://www.a...

Analytical and Experimental Lateral-Load Response of Self-Centering Posttensioned CLT Walls
https://ascelibrary.org/doi/pdf/10.1061/%28ASCE%29... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2017
Tugce Akbas, Richard Suause, James M. Ricles, Ryan Ganey, Jeffrey Berman, Sarah Loftus, J. Daniel Dolan, Shiling Pei, John W. van de Lindt, Hans-Erik Blomgren
A cross-laminated timber (CLT) panel is a heavy timber structural component fabricated by laminating layers of timber boards in an orthogonal pattern. This paper presents a study of the lateral-load response of self-centering (SC) posttensioned CLT structural walls (i.e., SC-CLT walls), which are constructed by posttensioning CLT wall panels to the foundation with vertical posttensioning steel bars. The bars pass through the CLT panels and are anchored to the CLT panels at the top of the wall an...

Analysis of acoustic behavior of bare CLT floors for the evaluation of impact sound insulation improvement
https://asa.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1121/2.000042... [Vibration/Acoustic Performance] [Journal Article] 2017
Antonio Di Bella, Nicola Granzotto, Luca Barbaresi
Estimation of the impact sound insulation of horizontal partitions, evaluated from the performance of basic components according to EN 12354-2, does not provide satisfactory results when applied to floors made of Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) elements. One of the most interesting reasons for this limited match between predicted and measured impact noise values is the difficulty of correlating the reduction of the impact sound pressure level of the floor covering, measured in a laboratory on a con...

Adoption of unconventional approaches in construction: The case of cross-laminated timber
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Markets] [Journal Article] 2016
Kell Jones, Julia Stegmann, Judith Sykes, Peter Winslow
Achieving sustainable development requires the decoupling of economic growth from the use of non-renewable resources. This depends on industry adopting unconventional approaches to production. This research explores the root causes of barriers to the adoption of such approaches in the construction industry, and applies a behavioural model to assess whether companies are hindered by capability, opportunity or motivation. The long history of lowest-cost tendering in construction has led to a path-...

CLT–Steel Hybrid System: Ductility and Overstrength Values Based on Static Pushover Analysis
https://ascelibrary.org/doi/pdf/10.1061/%28ASCE%29... [Alternative/Hybrid Configurations] [Journal Article] 2014
C. Dickof, S.F. Stiemer, M.A. Bezabeh, S. Tesfamariam
A timber-steel hybrid system, where cross-laminated timber (CLT) shear panels are used as infill in steel moment resisting frames, is analytically investigated. The proposed hybrid system combines ductile behavior of steel moment frame with lighter and stiffer CLT panels. Initial parametric study is carried out with a single-bay-single-story model using pushover analysis to investigate effect of CLT panel thickness, crushing strength, and confinement gap. Results showed that the parameters studi...

A component approach for the hysteric behaviour of connections in cross-laminated wood structures
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/e... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2013
Giovanni Rinaldin, Claudio Amadio, Massimo Fragiacomo
In this paper, a numerical model to estimate the dissipative capacity and describe the cyclic response of cross-laminated (X-lam) timber buildings is presented. The connections between panels and to the foundation (metal hold-downs and angle brackets, and screwed connectors) are modelled with nonlinear hysteretic multispring elements taking into account the strength interaction between different degrees of freedom according to a predefined domain. The timber components (solid X-lam floors and wa...

Cross laminated timber at in-plane beam loading – Prediction of shear stresses in crossing areas
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2018
Henrik Danielsson, Erik Serrano
Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) at in-plane beam loading conditions present a very complex stress state and many failure modes need to be considered in design. The work presented here aims at finding improvements of a specific analytical model for stress analysis and strength verification that has been suggested in literature and which is also suggested as a basis for design equations for the next version of Eurocode 5. Although the model has appealing properties it suffers from some drawbacks rela...

Cross-Laminated Timber for Seismic Regions: Progress and Challenges for Research and Implementation
https://ascelibrary.org/doi/pdf/10.1061/%28ASCE%29... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2014
S. Pei, J. van-de-Lindt, M. Popovski, J. Berman, J. Dolan, J. Ricles, R. Sause, H. Blomgren, D. Rammer
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Adhesively bonded connections in the context of timber engineering – A Review
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00218... [Bonding/Adhesives] [Journal Article] 2017
Till Vallée, Thomas Tannert, Simon Fecht
If there is one domain of civil engineering in which adhesives are currently booming, then it is timber engineering. Natural adhesives have been used for centuries to structurally connect timber elements, a trend that culminated in the beginning of the 20th century with the introduction of glue-laminated beams. With the introduction of synthetic adhesives, and their increasing economic success after World War II, a wide range of products is now available that have the potential to free timber en...

5 Reasons to be Inspired by Hardwood Cross-Laminated Timber
https://www.woodworkingnetwork.com/knowledge-cente... [Raw Materials] [Magazine/Newspaper Article] 2017
Woodworking Network
1/21/2019 5 reasons to be inspired by hardwood cross-laminated timber | Woodworking Networkhttps://www.woodworkingnetwork.com/knowledge-center/wood-dr/5-reasons-be-inspired-hardwood-cross-laminated-timber 1/4ADVERTISEMENTKnowledge Center (/Knowledge-Center)5 reasons to be inspired by hardwood cross-laminated timberApril 27, 2017 | 4:16 pm EDTThe Smile, made from American tulipwood CLT, designed by Alison Brooks architectsand engineered by ARUP. Originally on display at the Chelsea college of ar...

Ambient Vibration Testing and Modal Analysis of Multi-Storey Cross-Laminated Timber Buildings
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270544308... [Vibration/Acoustic Performance] [Conference Paper] 2014
Thomas Reynolds, Åsa Bolmsvik, Johan Vessby, Wen-Shao Chang, Richard Harris, Jonathan Bawcombe, Julie Bregulla
The ambient movement of three modern multi-storey timber buildings has been measured and used to determine modal properties. This information, obtained by a simple, unobtrusive series of tests, can give insights into the structural performance of these forms of building, as well as providing information for the design of future, taller timber buildings for dynamic loads. For two of the buildings, the natural frequency has been related to the lateral stiffness of the structure, and compared with ...

A Comparative Cradle-to-Gate Life Cycle Assessment of Mid-Rise Office Building Construction Alternatives: Laminated Timber or Reinforced Concrete
http://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/2/3/245/htm... [Environmental Performance] [Journal Article] 2012
Adam Robertson, Frank Lam, Raymond Cole
1/21/2019 Buildings | Free Full-Text | A Comparative Cradle-to-Gate Life Cycle Assessment of Mid-Rise Office Building Constructio…https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/2/3/245/htm 1/56 (/journal/buildings)BuildingsallAdvanced (/search?advanced&journal=buildings)Search■■■■■■■■► Article MenuArticle VersionsAbstract (/2075-5309/2/3/245)Full-Text PDF (/2075-5309/2/3/245/pdf) [468 KB]Full-Text HTML (/2075-5309/2/3/245/htm)Full-Text XMLFull-Text Epub (/2075-5309/2/3/245/epub)Article Versions Notes (/2075-53...

Comparison of Theoretical and Laboratory Out-of-Plane Shear Stiffness Values of Cross Laminated Timber Panels
https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/201809.0443/v... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2018
Jan Niederwestberg, Jianhui Zhou, Ying-Hei Chui
The lay-up of cross laminated timber (CLT) leads to significant differences in properties over its cross-section. Particularly the out-of-plane shear behavior of CLT is effected by the changes in shear moduli over the cross-section. Results from laboratory shear tests are used to evaluate the shear stiffness of 3- and 5-layer CLT panels in their major and minor strength direction. The results are compared to calculated shear stiffness values on evaluated single-layer properties as well as common...

A Comparison of the Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction Performance between Reinforced Concrete and Cross-Laminated Timber Structures in Residential Buildings in the Severe Cold Region of China
http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/8/1426/htm... [Environmental Performance] [Journal Article] 2017
Haibo Guo, Ying Liu, Yiping Meng, Haoyu Huang, Cheng Sun, Yu Shao
This paper aims to investigate the energy saving and carbon reduction performance of cross-laminated timber residential buildings in the severe cold region of China through a computational simulation approach. The authors selected Harbin as the simulation environment, designed reference residential buildings with different storeys which were constructed using reinforced concrete (RC) and cross-laminated timber (CLT) systems, then simulated the energy performance using the commercial software IES...

Collins, King Applaud Announcement of New Maine Cross-Laminated Timber Manufacturing Facility
https://www.king.senate.gov/newsroom/press-release... [Other] [Others] 2018
Senator Angus King
1/21/2019 Collins, King Applaud Announcement of New Maine Cross-Laminated Timber Manufacturing Facilityhttps://www.king.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/collins-king-applaud-announcement-of-new-maine-cross-laminated-timber-… 1/3NEWSROOM (HTTPS://WWW.KING.SENATE.GOV/NEWSROOM) /PRESS RELEASES (HTTPS://WWW.KING.SENATE.GOV/NEWSROOM/PRESS-RELEASES)February 16, 2018Collins, King Applaud Announcement of NewMaine Cross-Laminated TimberManufacturing FacilityWASHINGTON, D.C.– U.S. Senators Susan Colli...