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Cross Laminated Timber in the U.S.: Potential Adopter Perceptions
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320739203... [Markets] [Journal Article] 2016 Maria Fernanda Laguarda-Mallo, Omar Espinoza Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is an innovative structural system based on the use of large-format, multi-layered panels made from solid wood boards glued together alternating the direction of their fibers. This cross-laminated configuration improves rigidity, dimensional stability, and mechanical properties of the panels, which can be used for many applications such as walls, floors, and roofs. Since its introduction, more than 20 years ago, CLT has been successful in Europe, and has made inroads... |
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A Composite System Using Ultra High-Performance Fibre-Reinforced Concrete and Cross-Laminated Timber
https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/handle/1807/745... [Design/Architectural aspects] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2016 Mengyuan Chen The application of cross-laminated timber (CLT) as floor panels is limited by excessive deflection and vibration. A composite system combining CLT and ultra high-performance fibre-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) was developed to extend span limits. Push-off tests were conducted on different connectors, and a glued-in rod connector was chosen and further refined for the proposed system. Static bending tests and free vibration tests were conducted on bare CLT panels and two composite specimens. By co... |
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Cross-laminated timber goes global
https://www.timber-online.net/holzbau/2015/02/cros... [Markets] [Magazine/Newspaper Article] 2015 Hannes Plackner 1/21/2019 Cross-laminated timber goes globalhttps://www.timber-online.net/holzbau/2015/02/cross-laminated_timbergoesglobal.html 1/8Global CLT projects © Timber-OnlineGlobal CLT projects © Timber-OnlineCross-laminated timber goes globalExperts see the dawn of a 3m m³/yr marketLarge-scale productions are being planned in North America, Japan also wants to build up its ownindustry nearly from scratch: Several projects have surfaced since the beginning of the yearOver the recent years, CLT has beco... |
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Cross laminated timber: “The greatest thing since sliced wood”
https://www.thedailyworld.com/news/cross-laminated... [General Information] [Magazine/Newspaper Article] 2017 Dan Hammock 1/21/2019 Cross laminated timber: ‘The greatest thing since sliced wood’ | The Daily Worldhttps://www.thedailyworld.com/news/cross-laminated-timber-the-greatest-thing-since-sliced-wood/ 1/12The Daily World (https://www.thedailyworld.com/)Sign In Search (https://www.thedailyworld.com/search/)Home (https://www.thedailyworld.com/)Weather (https://www.thedailyworld.com/weather/)Sports (https://www.thedailyworld.com/sports/)Obituaries (https://www.thedailyworld.com/obituaries/)Print Editions (https... |
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Strength and stiffness of cross-laminated timber (CLT) shear walls: State-of-the-art of analytical approaches
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2019 Ildiko Lukacs, Anders Bjornfot, Roberto Tomasi In the last years, the timber construction practice has been revived. Cross-laminated timber (CLT) plays a key role in this timber renaissance. CLT constructions has seen a noticeable increase in the last decade, especially in Europe, as it enables tall wooden buildings using a sustainable material. Unfortunately, a consequence of the rapid advancements of timber technologies and construction techniques of the past years is that modern timber engineering codes are struggling to keep up to date. ... |
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Awareness, Perceptions and Willingness to Adopt Cross-Laminated Timber in the United States
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Markets] [Journal Article] 2015 Maria Fernanda Laguarda-Mallo; Omar Espinoza Cross-Laminated Timber is an engineered wood-based product, developed in Europe in the early 1990s. Cross-Laminated Timber is made of multiple layers of wood boards, which are oriented perpendicular to the adjacent layers. Cross Laminated Timber is a promising construction technology that represents an opportunity to use low-value timber from small diameter and insect-infested forest resources, for a high value-added application, which contributes to better use our forest resources. While Cross-... |
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The Forest Service Celebrates Cross Laminated Timber during Forest Products Week
https://www.usda.gov/media/blog/2018/10/22/forest-... [General Information] [Web Page] 2018 Melissa Jenkins From October 21-27, 2018, we celebrate the value of America’s forests and recognize how vital they are to our well-being and national prosperity during National Forest Products Week. This week is recognized each year by a Presidential proclamation. At the USDA Forest Service, we work year round to create new opportunities for wood products that contribute to diversified rural economies and support sustainable forest management.... |
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Fire Safety Challenges of Tall Wood Buildings: Large-Scale Cross Laminated Timber Compartment Fire Tests
https://www.nist.gov/publications/fire-safety-chal... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2018 Joseph Su, Pier-Simon Lafrance, Matthew F. Bundy, Amanda Kimball, Daniel Brandon, Birgit Ostman This study investigates the contribution of cross laminated timber (CLT) building elements to compartment fires. Six compartments (9.1 m long x 4.6 m wide x 2.7 m high) were constructed using 175-mm thick 5 ply CLT structural panels and fire tested using residential contents and furnishings to provide a fire load density of 550 MJ/m2. The results show that gypsum board can delay or prevent the involvement of the CLT in the fire, and that the ventilation conditions and exposed surface area of the... |
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Awareness, Perceptions and Willingness to Adopt Cross-Laminated Timber in the United States
https://conservancy.umn.edu/handle/11299/165560... [Markets] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2014 Maria Fernanda Laguarda-Mallo One of the most recent innovations in Engineered Wood Products is Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT). The system is based on the use of multi-layered panels made from solid wood boards glued together, with the grain direction of successive layers placed at 90° angles. The cross-laminated configuration improves rigidity, dimensional stability, and mechanical properties. Structurally, CLT offers performance comparable to concrete or steel, with panels suitable for use as walls, floors, roofs, and other ... |
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ANSI/APA PRG 320-2018: Standard for Performance-Rated Cross-Laminated Timber
https://www.apawood.org/publication-search?q=PRG+3... [Standards/Building code] [Standard] 2018 ANSI/APA 1/21/2019 APA Publication Search - APA – The Engineered Wood Associationhttps://www.apawood.org/publication-search?q=PRG+320-2018&tid=1 1/1MENUPopular10 Items Per PagSearchPRG 320-2018 Publications SEARCHSEARCHTIP: Choose filters from multiple categories to narrow search results. YOUR SELECTIONS 1 1 -PRODUCTSCross-Laminated Timber (CLT)GlulamI-JoistOSBPlywoodRim BoardStructural Composite Lumber (SCL)+INDUSTRY+CATEGORIES+LANGUAGE PRG 320-2018ANSI/APA PRG 320-2018: Standard for... |
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Cross-laminated timber engineering: improvement and application
https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/parent/... [Raw Materials] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2014 Anthonie Kramer The development of cross-laminated timber (CLT) panel technology has opened up new opportunities for wood in tall buildings. Several characteristics including seismic performance and speed of construction have raised interest among designers. As CLT gains acceptance in the industry, alternative structural solutions need to be investigated to improve performance of CLT as a building material. The first study presented is an assessment of the viability of hybrid poplar for use in CLT panels. Hybri... |
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Cross laminated timber at in-plane beam loading - Prediction of shear stresses in crossing areas
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/6c860053-... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2018 Henrik Danielsson, Erik Serrano Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) at in-plane beam loading conditions present a very complex stress state and many failure modes need to be considered in design. The work presented here aims at finding improvements of a specific analytical model for stress analysis and strength verification that has been suggested in literature and which is also suggested as a basis for design equations for the next version of Eurocode 5. Although the model has appealing properties it suffers from some drawbacks rela... |
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Low cycle fatigue tests and damage accumulation models on the rolling shear strength of cross-laminated timber
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10086... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2016 Yuan Li, Frank Lam This paper presents a study on rolling shear damage accumulation and duration of load of cross-laminated timber (CLT) with low cycle fatigue tests. The study of the duration-of-load (DOL) effect on strength properties of wood products is typically challenging; it may be more challenging for non-edge-glued CLT considering crosswise layups of wood boards, existing gaps, and non-uniform stress distributions in cross layers. In experimental studies, short-term ramp loading tests and low cycle trapez... |
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Cyclic behaviour of typical metal connectors for cross-laminated (CLT) structure
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1617%2Fs11527... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2014 Igor Gavric, Massimo Fragiacomo, Ario Ceccotti An extended experimental programme on typical cross-laminated (CLT) connections was performed at IVALSA Trees and Timber Institute. The paper discusses the results of monotonic and cyclic tests in shear and tension (pull-out) carried out on hold-downs and steel angle brackets used to anchor the wall panels to foundations or to connect wall panels to floor panels. Mechanical properties such as strength, stiffness, energy dissipation, impairment of strength and ductility were evaluated and are cri... |
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Increasing Durability of Mass Timber Products in Interior Applications
https://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/rips/fplrip-472... [Moisture/Durability] [Report] 2018 Forest Products Laboratory Durability against fungal degradation and termite attack and fire resistance remain the biggest concerns with using cross-laminated timber (CLT) products in multistory buildings. Although mass timber products are inherently fire resistant due to their size, improving their fire performance in a way that further delays the spread of fire is always desirable. Additionally, in certain climates, such as the southern part of the United States, where wood products are exposed to hot and humid weather,... |
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LCT One
https://www.structuremag.org/wp-content/uploads/C-... [Case Study/Projects] [Magazine/Newspaper Article] 2013 Nabih Tahan Case Study of an Eight-Story Timbre Office Building... |
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Numerical analysis of hygrothermal properties and behavior of Korean based cross-laminated timber (CLT) wall system to deduce optimal assemblies
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Moisture/Durability] [Journal Article] 2019 JiwonYoo, Seong Jin Chang, Jongki Lee, Seunghwan Wi, Sumin Kim Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) is attracting worldwide attention, due to its durability, usability, and many other advantages. However, since CLT is made of timber, analysis of the hygrothermal performance is essential. In this study, the basic hygrothermal values are measured to obtain the exact hygrothermal performances. The values are put into the simulation with various assemblies which has hygroscopic effects. The effectors are the type of insulation, the presence of the vapor retarder, the c... |
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Fire resistance of unprotected cross-laminated timber (CLT) floor assemblies produced in the USA
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2019 Lech Muszyński , Rakesh Gupta, Seung hyun Hong, Neil Osborn, Brent Pickett Fire concerns are one reason for building code restrictions against tall wood buildings in US. Despite growing body of empirical data on fire performance of cross-laminated timber (CLT) generated in Europe and Canada, lack of full-scale tests performed on structural CLT “made in the USA” is often quoted as a barrier for approval of massive timber in tall buildings in the US. The goal of this project was to contribute towards removing this barrier by testing the fire resistance of three full-scal... |
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Comparison of Theoretical and Laboratory Out-of-Plane Shear Stiffness Values of Cross Laminated Timber Panels
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328467350... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2018 Jan Niederwestberg, Jianhui Zhou, Ying-Hei Chui The lay-up of cross laminated timber (CLT) leads to significant differences in properties over its cross-section. Particularly the out-of-plane shear behavior of CLT is affected by the changes in shear moduli over the cross-section. Results from laboratory shear tests are used to evaluate the shear stiffness of 3- and 5-layer CLT panels in their major and minor strength direction. The results are compared to calculated shear stiffness values on evaluated single-layer properties as well as common... |
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UMass Design Building
https://www.nordic.ca/en/projects/structures/umass... [Case Study/Projects] [Web Page] 2017 Nordic Structures Located in Amherst, the University of Massachusetts has established a new design pavilion. The University decided to use wood as the main structural material in order to have a sustainable structure respectful of the environment. Comprising three different hybrid elements—wood-concrete, steel-concrete, and steel-wood, the pavilion incorporates the latest technology in the field of structural building design. Floors are made with a composite system of cross-laminated timber panels mechanically fa... |
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