Cross Laminated Timber (CLT)-Reinforcements with Self-Tapping Screws
http://support.sbcindustry.com/Archive/2010/june/P... [Design/Architectural aspects] [Conference Paper] 2010
Peter Mestek, Stefan Winter
This paper illustrates a research project about the calculation and design of Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) elements stressed by concentrated loads. Its focus lies on the shear design of CLT-elements next to punctual supports including reinforcements with self-tapping screws with continuous threads in areas of high shear stresses. Different influencing parameters on the distribution of shear forces next to a punctual support were evaluated by using comparative FEM-analyses. In the course of labor...

Introduction to New Material -Cross Laminated Timber | Innovative Research Publi
https://www.academia.edu/27583811/Introduction_to_... [General Information] [Journal Article] 2016
Nisha (Kalaskar) Divekar
International Journal of Engineering Research Volume No.5 Issue: Special 3, pp: 675-679 27-28 Feb. 2016   Introduction to New Material - Cross Laminated Timber Nisha (Kalaskar) Divekar Student SEAOSC Abstract : Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) is the next step in It is an exceptionally strong product that provides dimensional the evolution of engineered wood building systems which has stability, strength and rigidity and allows transfer of both started gaining popularity in Europe and recently in ...

The Design of Cross-Laminated Timber Slabs with Cut-Back Glulam Rib Downstands - from Research to Live Project
http://www.smithandwallwork.com/wp-content/uploads... [Design/Architectural aspects] [Conference Paper] 2016
Panayiotis Papastavrou, Simon Smith, Tristan Wallwork, Allan Mcrobie, Nicholas Niem
A research project was undertaken to investigate the behaviour of composite CLT slabs with glulam downstands cut back from the supports. A desk study and Finite Element Modelling (FEM) were used and evaluated on their ability to model and design such a structure, focusing on the cut back location and utilising reinforcement screws. The project included full-scale laboratory testing of a composite slab to failure with innovative data collection techniques such as Particle Image Velocimetry. A sim...

Lateral Behaviour of Cross Laminated Timber Shear Walls under Reversed Cyclic Loads
http://www.aees.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/... [Connectors] [Conference Paper] 2015
Minghao Li, Frank Lam
Cross laminated timber (CLT) shear walls typically consist of solid engineered timber panels connected by metal hardware such as hold-downs, angle-brackets and others. Under seismic loads, the panel elements deform mainly in a rocking mode coupled with a sliding mode and small amount of in-plane bending/shear deformations. The connection system normally governs the lateral behaviour of CLT shear walls. This paper presents a finite element wall model CLTWALL2D to study CLT shear wall behaviour. T...

Effects of the thickness of cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels made from Irish Sitka spruce on mechanical performance in bending and shear
https://pure.qub.ac.uk/portal/files/58967758/XLam_... [Mechanical Performance] [Book/Book Section] 2016
Karol S Sikora, Daniel O Mcpolin, Annette M Harte
An investigation was carried out on CLT panels made from Sitka spruce in order to establish the effect of the thickness of CLT panels on the bending stiffness and strength and the rolling shear. Bending and shear tests on 3-layer and 5-layer panels were performed with loading in the out-of-plane and in-plane directions. Global stiffness measurements were found to correlate well with theoretical values. Based on the results, there was a general tendency that both the bending strength and rollin...

Cross laminated timber properties including effects of non-glued edges and additional cracks
http://www.cof.orst.edu/cof/wse/faculty/Nairn/pape... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2017
John A Nairn
Cross laminated timber (CLT) is usually comprised of multiple timber layers having alternating grain directions. Because individual boards are glued on their faces between layers, but usually not glued on their edges within layers, those edges define precracks in the composite. When exposed to differential thermal and moisture expansion after installation, CLT, like all cross-laminated composites, is prone to formation of additional cracks. Confidant CLT design must be able to account for change...

Shear Strength and Durability Testing of Adhesive Bonds in Cross-laminated Timber
https://pure.qub.ac.uk/portal/files/17437761/sheer... [Moisture/Durability] [Journal Article] 2015
Karol S Sikora Daniel O Mcpolin Annette M Harte
The paper addresses the quality of the interface and edge bonded joints in layers of cross laminated timber (CLT) panels. The shear performance was studied to assess the suitability of two different adhesives, Polyurethane (PUR) and Phenol-Resorcinol Formaldehyde (PRF), and to determine the optimum clamping pressure. Since there is no established testing procedure to determine the shear strength of the surface bonds between layers in a CLT panel, block shear tests of specimens in two different ...

Timber Tower Research Project Physical Testing Report #1 Composite Timber Floor Testing at Oregon State University Final Report
https://www.aisc.org/globalassets/why-steel/timber... [Mechanical Performance] [Report] 2017
Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP
SOM has produced two reports on the use of masstimber in high-rise buildings. The first report issued in 2013 studied the use of mass-timber for the entire building frame and identified timber-concrete composites as an effective way to satisfy the requirements of a high-rise building. The second report issued in 2014 studied the gravity framing system and identified composite concrete topping slabs as an economical way to satisfy acoustical requirements and incre...

Tests on Shear Connections in Prefabricated Composite Cross-Laminated-Timber and Concrete Elements
http://www.conference.co.nz/files/docs/wcte12/abst... [Connectors] [Conference Paper] 2012
Nicolas Jacquier, Ulf Arne Girhammar
The authors report on an experimental test program on different shear connectors to be used in floor elements where prefabricated concrete beams are to be connected on top of cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels. The objective is to evaluate the level of composite action that can be achieved and the increase of strength and stiffness when combining effectively these structural components in a floor element. Shear tests were performed on 12 specimens in total. The shear connector consists of a st...

Integrating Laminated Strand Lumber and Lumber From Northeastern U.S. . . . by
http://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/2453... [Case Study/Projects] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2016
Nicholas Matthew Willey
The technical assessment provided the bending and shear strength and stiffnesses values for select CLT configurations, which were used to determine the feasibility of using local Northeastern lumber and LSL in CLT. Experimental lay-up designs were created for six three-layer CLT configurations using Spruce-Pine-Fir (South) (SPFs) No.2 and better and 1.35E LSL. Seven 105 mm x 1.3 m x 2.45 m panels, five in the major strength direction and two in the minor, per CLT lay-up configuration were then ...

Cross-Laminated Timber Failure Modes for Fire Conditions
https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:376047/PL... [Fire Performance] [Conference Paper] 2015
Richard Emberley, L Torero
Tall timber building designs have utilized cross-laminated timber (CLT) significantly over the past decade due the sustainable nature of timber and the many advantages of using an engineered mass timber product. Several design methods have been established to account for the composite action between the orthogonally adhered timber plies. These methods assume perfect bonding of the adjacent plies by the adhesive. CLT designs methods for timber in fire have also been formulated. These methods rely...

Strength and stiffness of cross laminated timber at in-plane beam loading
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/a5a707ee-... [Mechanical Performance] [Report] 2017
Henrik Danielsson, Mario Jelec, Erik Serrano
This report concerns element strength and stiffness of cross laminated timber (CLT) at in-plane beam loading and includes presentation of experimental investigations and a review of some analytical models for structural analysis. A total of 20 individual tests were carried out, divided into five different test series which each comprise four nominally equal tests. The test series include prismatic beams (two test series), beams with a hole (two test series) and beams with an end-notch (one test ...

Location: Date: Design and Performance of CLT Structures under Lateral Loads Lateral Loads
http://www.woodworks.org/wp-content/uploads/CLT-Po... [General Information] [Presentation] 2013
Marjan P Popovski,
The research shows that CLT construction has adequate seismic performance when slender dowel fasteners are used with the steel brackets and hold-downs !  CLT wall panels behave as rocking rigid bodies with all deformation coming from the connections !  Properly designed CLT structures with symmetrical plans can achieve limited damage under strong quakes !  Use of half-lap joints in longer walls is effective solution to reduce the wall stiffness (seismic input load) and improve wall deformation...

Behaviour of Loaded Cross-Laminated Timber Wall Elements in Fire Conditions
https://rd.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs106... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2015
Joachim Schmid, Agnese Menis, Massimo Fragiacomo, Isaia Clemente, Giovanna Bochicchio
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is increasingly being used in medium-rise timber buildings for a number of reasons, such as rapidity of construction, cost effectiveness and robustness. Like for other building materials, verification of the load-bearing performance in fire conditions is an important issue. Experimental fire tests have been performed on loaded CLT wall elements at research institutes in Sweden and Italy. In total, three large-scale and four medium-scale tests have been carried out. T...

Free vibration of CLT plates
http://rmseura.tkk.fi/rmlehti/2014/nro1/RakMek_47_... [Vibration/Acoustic Performance] [Journal Article] 2014
Jussi-Pekka Matilainen Jari Puttonen
This article discusses the ability of different methods to predict the natural frequencies of vibration for a cross laminated timber (CLT) plate. The prediction models considered are the method proposed by Finnish design code for timber structures (RIL), the classical laminated plate theory (CLPT), the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) and the finite element method with a shell element (S4R) of Abaqus code. The basic principles governing the dynamic behavior of an orthotropic plate are...

Fire Performance of Cross-Laminated Timber Panel-to-Panel Joints
https://www.bcfii.ca/sites/default/files/fii413-su... [Fire Performance] [Report] 2015
Christian Dagenais 1
The current study aims at evaluating the integrity failure (i.e. passage of hot gases or flames through the assembly) of CLT assemblies connected together using four types of commonly used panel-topanel joints when exposed to the standard CAN/ULC S101 “Standard Method of Fire Endurance Tests of Building Construction Materials” [1] fire resistance time-temperature curve. The four types of joints include: 1) half-lapped, 2) internal spline, 3) single surface spline and 4) double surface splines. ...

Design methods for load-bearing elements from cross-laminated timber
http://imateh.rtu.lv/wp-content/uploads/sites/28/2... [General Information] [Conference Paper]
A Vilguts, D Serdjuks, V Goremikins
Cross-laminated timber is environmentally friendly material which possess a decreased level of anisotropy in comparison with the solid and glued timber. Cross-laminated timber could be used for load-bearing walls and plates of multi-storey timber buildings as well as decking structure of pedestrian and road bridges. Design methods of cross-laminated timber elements subjected to bending and compression with the bending were considered. The presented methods were experimentally validated and verif...

Load Carrying Capacity of Drift Pin Joint of Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) with Steel Insert Plate 87 Load Carrying Capacity of Drift Pin Joint of Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) with Steel Insert Plate
http://mapeki.org/wrj/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/L... [Mechanical Performance] [Conference Paper] 2012
Shoichi Nakashima Akihisa Kitamori Kohei Komatsu Shoichi Nakashima Akihisa Kitamori Kohei Komatsu
Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) is a structural plate element which is approved in Europe and is intended to be approved in Japan. It consists of small dimension laminae, in which laminae parallel and perpendicular to longitudinal direction are interlaminated. We performed tensile tests for the drift pin joint with steel insert plate. Specimen consisted of CLT was made from Japanese cedar laminae (thickness of laminae t = 30mm, five laminae were layered), with steel drift pin plate. Odd-numbered la...

Cross Laminated Timber
http://www.constructivetranslations.com/cross-lami... [Raw Materials] [Web Page] 2014
David
Cross Laminated Timber, CLT for short, has become a competitive alternative to reinforced concrete panels in small to medium sized construction projects. Cross Laminated Timber, CLT for short, has become a competitive alternative to reinforced concrete panels in small to medium sized construction projects. Next the finger jointed timber pieces are laid out in a layer, glue is applied along their side lengths and the pieces are forced together to ensure a very strong adhesion. Environmentally Cr...

Construction with Cross-Laminated Timber in Multi-Storey Buildings Focus on Building Physics
http://www.mm-holz.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Downl... [Mechanical Performance] [Book/Book Section] 2013
: Dr. Martin Teibinger, Irmgard Matzinger
Cross-laminated timber elements are used as load-bearing components. These are elements that are made of boards sorted according to strength, having widths ranging between 80 and 240 mm. Board thicknesses are between 19 and 45 mm. The wood species used are mainly common spruce or fir, but also pine and larch. Typically, individual plies - usually 3, 5 or 7 plies - are extensively glued together while alternatively turning them by 90°, using adhesives that are admitted for load-bearing purpose...