Modeling of Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) panels loaded with combined out-of-plan
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Modeling-of-... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2021
Zirui Huang, Dongsheng Huang, Ying-Hei Chui, Yurong Shen, Hossein Daneshvar, Baolu Sheng, Zhongfan Chen
The presented work aims at developing an analytical model to predict the load-carrying capacity of CLT wall loaded with combined out-of-plane bending and compression. In total 12 five-layer CLT panels loaded with different initial load eccentricities were tested to investigate the failure modes. ...

The Ethical Case For Cross-Laminate Timber Construction in Passive House Design
http://www.sustainablelumberco.com/2018/01/ethical... [Markets] [Web Page] 2022
Sustainable Lumber Company
Earlier this summer we were honored to present at the Passive House Conference in New York City. Our Certified Passive House Designer Staz Zakrzewski teamed up with Matthew Lee of Lee Properties Group and talked about challenges and opportunities offered by CLT, or cross-laminate timber construction. We’ve distilled some of our points and in this article we’d like to share with you the ethical case for working with CLT, as well as demonstrate why wood is increasingly being called the building ma...

Enhanced N-V interaction domains for the design of CLT shear wall based on coupled connections models
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Enhanced-N-V... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2020
Luca Franco, Luca Pozza, Anna Saetta, Diego Talledo
The basic assumptions and the novelty aspects of the proposed models are presented. In particular, the adoption of an elastic-perfectly-plastic constitutive law for the timber instead of an elasto-brittle one and the accounting for the coupled axial-shear behavior of the connection elements to derive N-V interaction domains are critically discussed....

Effect of different modelling approaches on the prediction of the seismic response of multi-storey CLT buildings
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/EFFECT-OF-DI... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2017
L. Pozza, M. Savoia, L. Franco, A. Saetta, D. Talledo
This work reports a summary of different type of analyses and modelling approaches, typically adopted by practitioners and researchers for the prediction of the seismic response of multi-storey CLT buildings. Specifically, two different modelling approaches are deeply investigated and compared; the first one is a component approach, which adopts springs (linear or non-linear) for connections, while the second one is based on a simplified phenomenological model where the behaviour of the system i...

A proposal for the capacity-design at wall- and building-level in light-frame and cross-laminated timber buildings
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s105... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2019
Daniele Casagrande, Ghasan Doudak, Andrea Polastri
Due to the brittle nature of wood material, the dissipation of seismic energy in timber structures is typically ensured through yielding of the mechanical connectors, where plastic deformations are developed in fasteners that have adequate ductility and cycle-fatigue strength. These structural components are denoted dissipative zones, whereas all other structural elements are assumed to behave elastically. Such elements are designated as non-dissipative zones and are designed with sufficient ove...

Behavior of Cross-Laminated Timber Diaphragm Panel-to-Panel Connections with Self-Tapping Screws
https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduat... [Seismic Performance] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2017
Kyle Sullivan
The goal of this project is to contribute to the development of design values for cross-laminated timber (CLT) diaphragms in the seismic load-resisting system for buildings. Monotonic and cyclic tests to determine strength and stiffness characteristics of 2.44 m (8 ft) long shear connections with common self-tapping screws were performed. The half-lap connections, where screws were installed in withdrawal, shear, shear, and withdrawal, performed exceptionally well with both high, linear-elastic,...

Lateral Load-Resisting System Using Mass Timber Panel for High-Rise Buildings
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/77173e670c7b... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2017
Zhiyong Chen, Y. Chui
As global interest in using engineered wood products in tall buildings intensifies due to the ‘green’ credential of wood, it is expected that more tall wood buildings will be designed and constructed in the coming years. This, however, brings new challenges to the designers. One of the major challenges is how to design lateral load resisting systems with sufficient stiffness, strength and ductility to resist strong wind and earthquakes. In this study, a hybrid lateral load resisting system (LLRS...

An experimental and numerical study on CLT panels used as infilled shear walls for RC buildings retrofit
https://iris.univpm.it/bitstream/11566/264726/6/VQ... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2022
F. Stazi, M. Serpilli, G. Maracchini, A. Pavone
Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) has been gaining more and more attention in research and professional fields as a sustainable and promising construction system for mid-and high-rise structures. The need of buildings higher than those usually built with CLT has pushed the research towards the development of innovative hybrid techniques in which steel framed structures incorporate CLT shear walls. This concept may be potentially extended to existing RC framed buildings, where infilled CLT shear walls...

NEEDS FOR TOTAL FIRE ENGINEERING OF MASS TIMBER BUILDINGS
https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/portal/files/3315149... [Fire Performance] [Conference Paper] 2016
Alastair Bartlett, Felix Wiesner, Rory Hadden, Luke Bisby, Barbara Lane, Andrew Lawrence, Pedro Palma, Andrea Frangi
Fire safety is widely perceived as a barrier to implementation of tall timber buildings, particularly for engineered mass timber buildings with significant areas of exposed timber and timber structural framing. This negative perception is exacerbated by a lack of scientific data or experimental evidence on a range of potentially important issues that must be properly understood to undertake rational, performance-based engineering design of such structures. With the goal of delivering fully engin...

Risk Analysis and Alternative Solution for Three- and Four-Storey Schools of Mass Timber and/or Wood-Frame Construction
https://research.thinkwood.com/en/permalink/catalo... [Standards/Building code] [Report] 2019
Canadian Wood Council
This report explores the building code related considerations of wood construction for school buildings that are up to four storeys in height. Though wood construction offers a viable structural material option for these buildings, the British Columbia Building Code (BCBC 2018) currently limits schools comprised of wood construction to a maximum of two storeys. Three- and four-storey schools and larger floor areas in wood construction require an Alternative Solution....

Application of Fragility Analysis to Timber-Framed Structures for Seismic and Robustness Assessments
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F97... [Seismic Performance] [Book/Book Section] 2021
Leonardo G Rodrigues, Jorge M Branco, Luís A C Neves, André R Barbosa
In the past few years, the construction of multi-storey timber buildings has increased significantly in locations where high-intensity ground motions are likely to occur. On the other hand, the fast development of wood engineered products, as glued-laminated timber (GLT) and cross-laminated timber (CLT), has been challenging researchers to provide adequate guidelines for the design and assessment of structures built in seismic regions. Some guidelines and analysis methods considered in seismic d...

Structural performance of dowelled cross-laminated timber hold-down connections with increased row spacing and end distance
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0c6ac6739eab... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2020
Justin R. Brown, Minghao Li
This paper presents an experimental study to assess the structural performance of dowelled cross-laminated timber (CLT) hold-down connections that are critical components for a CLT shear wall under seismic loads. It aims to quantify the enhanced connection performance by increasing row spacing and end distance in the dowel layout compared with the standard spacing/distance specified by design standards. A total of 47 dowelled hold-down connection specimens with standard and increased row spacing...

LookBook
https://1r4scx402tmr26fqa93wk6an-wpengine.netdna-s... [Design/Architectural aspects] [Magazine/Newspaper Article] 2018
Think Wood
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Resilience-based predictive models for the seismic behaviour of mid-rise, base-isolated CLT buildings for social housing applications in Chile
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f1480e02c32a... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2021
Carlos Medel-Vera, María Carolina Contreras
Based on a six-storey cross-laminated timber building equipped with a base isolation system, this article proposes predictive models for the fundamental period of vibration, a parameter that needs to be selected in early stages of a seismically isolated building's design process, in relation to economic losses, such as repair costs and repair time, and environmental losses, such as repair-related carbon footprint and embodied energy....

Verified and validated design curves and strength reduction factors for post-tensioned composite steel-timber stiffened wall systems
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/70c73373884e... [Design/Architectural aspects] [Journal Article] 2020
Kristopher Orlowski
Viability of timber-based solutions for projects is often limited by lengthy modelling and preliminary design when compared to traditional systems such as precast concrete. However, sustainability principles are becoming more prevalent in construction with increasing demands for mid-rise buildings constructed through automated prefabrication via Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA) techniques. Considering this, this paper introduces and presents design curves for Post-Tensioned (PT) Comp...

Mass timber building material in the U.S. construction industry: Determining the existing awareness level, construction-related challenges, and recommendations to increase its current acceptance level
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Markets] [Journal Article] 2020
Shafayet Ahmed, Ingrid Arocho
Timber has been considered as a promising building material because of its structural rigidity, environmental sustainability, and renewability nature. In Europe and Australia, timber materials have been used for many different types of construction such as residential, commercial, education, and industrial. However, in the U.S., the familiarity of timber products is gaining momentum. The construction practitioners are still reluctant to consider mass timber as a mainstream building material. A l...

Lumber-Based Mass Timber Products in Construction
https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/66693... [Markets] [Book/Book Section] 2019
Meng Gong
This chapter provides information related to commonly used wood construction methods (i.e., light-frame, post-and-beam, and mass timber) and mass timber products. It briefly discusses the manufacturing of four major lumber-based mass timber products (i.e., glue-laminated timber, nail-laminated timber, dowel-laminated timber, and cross-laminated timber), and their available dimensions and typical applications. The discussion also addresses primary lumber products, such as dimension lumber, machin...

Experimental Study on Dynamics of Wooden House Wall Panels with Different Thermal Isolation
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/20/4387... [Environmental Performance] [Journal Article] 2019
Szczepański, M.; Migda, W.; Jankowski, R.
Wood frame buildings are very popular in regions that are exposed to different dynamic excitations including earthquakes. Therefore, their seismic resistance is really important in order to prevent structural damages and human losses. The aim of the present paper is to show the results of experimental tests focused on the dynamic response of wall panels of a wooden frame building with thermal isolation made of mineral wool and polyurethane foam. Firstly, the static and the dynamic mechanical ana...

Nonlinear shear properties of spruce softwood: Numerical analyses of experimental results
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Raw Materials] [Journal Article] 2009
K.B. Dahl, K.A. Malo
Determination of material parameters from experimental tests often rely on simplifying assumptions like the existence of uniform stress and strain fields within the considered part of the test specimen. However, more detailed analyses usually show that the stress and strain fields differ from the assumed (nominal) uniform distributions. In order to utilize the potential of numerical analyses of wooden structures by the FEM method, the nominal material parameters measured directly from tests need...

Review of experimental data for timber connections with dowel-type fasteners under standard fire exposure
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2019
M. Audebert, D. Dhima, A. Bouchaïr, A. Frangi
This paper presents a summary of experimental results from various studies conducted these twenty last years on the behaviour of steel-to-timber or timber-to-timber connections with dowel-type fasteners exposed to fire. The majority of the tested connections are loaded in tension parallel-to-grain and some of them loaded in tension at 45°, 90° and bending. The geometrical configurations of the tested connections are detailed and commented to facilitate further use. The tests in normal conditions...