Apparent impact sound insulation performance of cross laminated timber floors with floating concrete toppings
https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/ince/inc... [Vibration/Acoustic Performance] [Conference Paper] 2021
Zhou, Jianhui; Zhao, Zijian
Mass timber buildings are gaining increasing popularity as a sustainable alternative to concrete and steel structures. Mass timber panels, especially cross-laminated timber (CLT), are often used as floors due to their dry and fast construction. CLT has poor impact sound insulation performance due to its lightweight and relatively high bending stiffness. Floating concrete toppings are often applied to increase both the airborne and impact sound insulation performance. However, the impact sound in...

Experimental Study on Torsional Behavior of Cross-Laminated Timber Skewed Pedestrian Bridge Deck Panels Subjected to Asymmetric Loading
https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29... [Moisture/Durability] [Journal Article] 2021
Tu X. Ho; Rajendra Soti; Arijit Sinha; Emily Dawson; Jared Lewis; Milo Clauson
The performance of cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels in building applications have been investigated extensively. However, limited information is available regarding the performance of CLT panels for bridge applications, as well as the torsional performance of CLT panels under asymmetric loading, geometry, and boundary conditions. The objective of this study was to investigate the torsional performance of skewed CLT pedestrian interior bridge deck panels through large-scale structural testing....

Mass Timber Envelopes in Passivhaus Buildings: Designing for Moisture Safety in Hot and Humid Australian Climates
https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202109.0184/v... [Moisture/Durability] [Journal Article] 2021
Marcus Strang, Paola Leardini, Arianna Brambilla, Eugenia Gasparri
The uptake of buildings employing cross-laminated timber (CLT) assemblies and designed to Passivhaus standard has accelerated internationally over the past two decades due to several factors including design responses to the climate crisis by decarbonising the building stock. Structural CLT technology and the voluntary Passivhaus certification both show measurable benefits in reducing energy consumption, while contributing to durability and indoor comfort. However, there is a general lack of evi...

A Case Study on Medium and High Rise Timber Buildings
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/8095/... [Tall Buildings] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2021
Moustafa EL-Assaly
Heavy timber is the upcoming and rising star in the construction industry in the European and north American market. However, this topic is yet to be discovered. Light frame wood LFW has been used for decades but was always restricted to certain limits. Limits that heavy timber can overcome easily. In this thesis, topics related to the application of heavy timber in the construction of buildings are searched. First, a comparative study based on the Canadian market discussing the alternatives hea...

Mass-customisation of cross-laminated timber wall systems at early design stages
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/... [Markets] [Journal Article] 2021
Alireza Jalali Yazdi, AlirezaAhmadian Fard Fini, Perry Forsythe
Low profitability of the building industry has driven the adoption of industrialised production methods in this sector. In an industrialised context, mass-customisation (MC) is a set of strategies aimed to offer tailored products at prices close to those of mass-production. MC can be achieved through integrating market knowledge and supply-chain processes into the building design. Nonetheless, the MC-related literature is slim in optimising designs for such an integration. The goal is to find op...

Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Cross-Laminated Timber with Different Lay-ups Using Japanese Larch
https://www.techscience.com/jrm/v7n10/30596... [Raw Materials] [Journal Article] 2019
Yingchun Gong, Fenglu Liu2, Zhaopeng Tian, Guofang Wu, Haiqing Ren, Cheng Guan
Japanese larch is one of the main plantation tree species in China. A lack of engineered wood products made by Japanese larch , limits its application in wood structures. In this study, based on optimum process para meters, such as pressure (1.2 MPa), adhesive spread rate (200 g/m 2 ) and adhesive (one component polyurethane), the mechanical properties of Japanese larch made cross laminated timber ( with different lay ups were evaluated by means of the static method . Results of this study showe...

Frequencies Prediction of Laminated Timber Plates Using ANN Approach
https://www.techscience.com/jrm/v8n3/38473... [Vibration/Acoustic Performance] [Journal Article] 2020
Jianping Sun, Jan Niederwestberg, Fangchao Cheng, Yinghei Chui
Cross laminated timber (CLT) panels, which are used as load bearing plates and shear panels in timber structures, can serve as roofs, walls and floors. Since timber is construction material with relatively less stiffness, the design of such structures is often driven by serviceability criteria, such as deflection and vibration. Therefore, accurate vibration and elastic properties are vital for engineered CLT products. The objective of this research is to explore a method to determine the natural...

Moisture content in cross laminated timber during storage
https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:158614... [Moisture/Durability] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2021
Hedström, Vilhelm; Haidari, Shukrullah
The study has shown that, over the entire measurement period, the CLT elements that were placed indoors had a reduction of moisture content by 4.5%. The elements that were placed in a tent hall showed a decreasing of moisture content by about 1.5%. The elements that were placed outdoors with weather protection had an increasing moisture ratio of about 3%. The elements that were placed outdoors without weather protection had been affected greatly by the external climate and during precipitation t...

Cross Laminated Timber under Concentrated Compression Loads - Methods of Reinforcement
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2021
Bernhard Maurer, Roland Maderebner
Point-supported flat slabs made of cross laminated timber (CLT) for multi-storey buildings pose various challenges to structural timber design. One aspect are concentrated compressive loads, which cause stress concentrations in the form of shear and compression perpendicular to the grain at the point supports. The present work deals with this problem and shows a method, how the support area can be reinforced with a system connector. After a specification of the connector, the functionality of th...

Experimental and numerical analyses of angle bracket connections in cross laminated timber structures
http://dspace.library.uvic.ca/handle/1828/13222... [Connectors] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2021
Rezvani, S. Saeed
The invention of mass timber products, including cross laminated timber (CLT), over the past two decades has made tall wood building possible. In CLT structures, angle brackets are commonly used in wall-to-floor connections to transfer the shear in seismic and wind loads. In reality, these connections could experience loads in various directions, as well as multi-directional forces. This research consists of two parts: an experimental study carried out in Part 1, followed by a numerical program ...

Glued-in multiple steel rod connections in cross-laminated timber
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/002184... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2021
Gbenga Solomon Ayansola, Thomas Tannert, Till Vallee
The increasing popularity of cross-laminated timber (CLT) provides opportunities to extend the use of wood beyond traditional low-rise residential construction. For the high-performance material CLT to achieve its full utilisation, adequate joining techniques are required. With that in mind, while glued-in rods (GiR) are a powerful technical solution for numerous timber engineering applications, with proofed performance in solid wood, only few studies are available on the performance of GiR conn...

Physical, mechanical and thermal properties of cross laminated timber made with coconut wood
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00107-0... [Raw Materials] [Journal Article] 2021
Suthon Srivaro, Zoltán Pásztory, Hung Anh Le Duong, Hyungsuk Lim, Sataporn Jantawee, Jaipet Tomad
The fundamental material properties of coconut wood cross-laminated timber (CLT) were experimentally evaluated with a focus on the effect of the lamination density. Considering the significant density variations across the coconut trunks, the CLT specimens were manufactured using the coconut wood laminations of four density ranges: 655 ± 31 kg/m3, 741 ± 23 kg/m3, 851 ± 49 kg/m3, and 972 ± 30 kg/m3. The average bonding shear strength (5.2–9.1 MPa), compressive strength (33.1–56.7 MPa), and therma...

Performance of glued-in-rod connections in cross-laminated timber
https://unbc.arcabc.ca/islandora/object/unbc%3A590... [Connectors] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2021
Ayansola Gbenga Solomon
The widespread availability of Cross-laminated timber (CLT) provides opportunities to extend the use of wood beyond traditional low-rise residential construction. Glued-in rods (GiR) are an interesting technical solution for numerous structural applications in timber engineering. Although GiR connections have the potential to be used in combination with CLT, research on this application is scarce. In this thesis, an experimental investigation on the performance of GiR in CLT is presented. Two di...

Numerical Investigation of Connection Performance of Timber-Concrete Composite Slabs with Inclined Self-Tapping Screws under High Temperature
https://www.techscience.com/jrm/online/detail/1812... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2021
Zhentao Chen, Weidong Lu, Yingwei Bao, Jun Zhang, Lu Wang, Kong Yue
The timber-concrete composite (TCC) slabs have become a preferred choice of floor systems in modern multi story timber buildings. This TCC slab consisted of timber and a concrete slab which were commonly connected together with inclined self-tapping screws (STSs). To more accurately predict the fire performance of TCC slabs, the mechanical behavior of TCC connections under high temperature was investigated by numerical simulation in this study. The interface slip of TCC connections was simulated...

CLT Fabricated with Gmelina arborea and Tectona grandis Wood from Fast-Growth Forest Plantations: Physical and Mechanical Properties
https://www.techscience.com/jrm/v10n1/43987... [Raw Materials] [Journal Article] 2021
Freddy Muñoz, Carolina Tenorio, Róger Moya, Angel Navarro-Mora
Fabrication and use of Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) using tropical woods is still limited at present. Therefore objective of the present study aims to determine the possibility of using CLT panels of 3 and 5 layers, fabricated with Tectona grandis and Gmelina arborea wood using adhesive of isocyanate polymer emulsion system catalyzed with polymeric isocyanate. Delamination, water absorption, density, flexure test, compression and glue-line shear were evaluated using ANSI/APA PRG320-2012 ASTM D19...

Comparison of Cross-Laminated Timber and Reinforced Concrete Floors with Regard to Load-Bearing Properties
https://www.hrpub.org/journals/article_info.php?ai... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2021
Alireza Bahrami, Andreas Vall , Asaad Khalaf
Floors of a building with the relatively new and environmentally sustainable structural material as cross-laminated timber (CLT) and traditional reinforced concrete (RC) are compared in this paper with regard to their load-bearing properties. StruSoft FEM-Design software is utilised to model, analyse and design an existing building using the CLT and RC floors. The building has three stories with a penthouse on the top floor. Modelling, analysis and design of the building can be summarised into f...

Review of Existing Methods for Evaluating Adhesive Bonds in Timber Products
https://www.intechopen.com/online-first/77899... [Bonding/Adhesives] [Book/Book Section] 2021
Maryam Shirmohammadi, William Leggate
Gluing is an integral part of the majority of production processes in the timber industry. The effectiveness of adhesive application, glue bond development and glue penetration into the wood structure is becoming more and more important as more structural glued timber products are used in construction and other applications. The continued increase in utilisation of mass timber products (MTPs) such as CLT, glulam and LVL in tall timber buildings requires an accurate and in-depth understanding of ...

Review of large-scale fire tests on cross-laminated timber
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0734... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2021
Gerard Ronquillo, Danny Hopkin, Michael Spearpoint
Concerns about the environmental impact of building construction is leading to timber being more commonly used. However, it often faces scepticism regarding its safety in the event of fire. This article provides a point of reference on the fire performance of cross-laminated timber through a review of large-scale tests. Although adequately protecting CLT can make its contribution to fire insignificant, some of the internal surface of an enclosure can be exposed whilst still achieving adequate fi...

Mechanical properties of Glued-laminated timber made up of mixed tropical wood species
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/174802... [Raw Materials] [Journal Article] 2021
Cédrick Horphé Ndong Bidzoa, Claude Feldman Pambou Nziengui, Samuel Ikogou, Beat Kaiser, Rostand Moutou Pitti
This paper deals with an innovative experimental study performed on glued-laminated timber (GLT) beams, machined and made with three tropical hardwood species. Defect-free beams were obtained by combining alternatively the lamellas taken from the densest to the least dense species, to have TRIO and DUO specimens. Then, static 3-point bending tests were performed on these beams, to assess their mechanical properties and their reliability. Finally, the shear strength tests of the various glue join...

Mechanical properties of compressed wood with various compression ratios
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265966578... [Raw Materials] [Conference Paper] 2010
Anshari, Buan; Kitamori, Akihisa; Jung, Kiho; Hassel, Ivón; Komatsu, Kohei; Guan, Zhongwei
n this study, five groups of specimens were investigated, four made from compressed Japanese cedar with 4 different of compression ratios (CR) of 33%, 50%, 67%, and 70% and one without compressing for controlling purpose. The specimens for mechanical property were conditioned in Relative Humidity (RH) of 60% with a target MC of 12%. Mechanical property tests of the compresses wood (CW) were undertaken to determine shear modulii in LR, LT and RT planes by using the Single Cube Test method, Young'...