Comparative Life-Cycle Assessment of a High-Rise Mass Timber Building with an Equivalent Reinforced Concrete Alternative Using the Athena Impact Estimator for Buildings
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/11/4708... [Environmental Performance] [Journal Article] 2020
Kontis, C., Tsichlas, C., Kolaitis, D.I. and Founti, M.A.
Buildings consume large amounts of materials and energy, making them one of the highest environmental impactors. Quantifying the impact of building materials can be critical to developing an effective greenhouse gas mitigation strategy. Using Athena Impact Estimator for Buildings (IE4B), this paper compares cradle-to-grave life-cycle assessment (LCA) results for a 12-story building constructed from cross-laminated timber (CLT) and a functionally equivalent reinforced concrete (RC) building. Foll...

Effect of Wetting and Redrying on Performance of Cross-Laminated Timber Angle Bracket Connection
https://ascelibrary.org/doi/full/10.1061/%28ASCE%2... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2021
Shrenik Bora, Arijit Sinha, Andre R. Barbosa
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is an engineered wood product offering several advantages for wood utilization in midrise and tall buildings. However, moisture intrusion poses significant risks since it can affect the durability of CLT structural members and their connections. There has been much research on connection performance to understand their seismic response. However, the impact of moisture on the performance of CLT connectors is less understood. Cyclic tests were conducted on a series of ...

Design Provisions for Cross-Laminated Timber Structures
https://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/9780784482223.... [Design/Architectural aspects] [Book/Book Section] 2019
Thomas Tannert
Heightened public awareness regarding carbon footprints has dramatically increased the demand for sustainable construction and has initiated resurgence in the use of wood in tall residential and non-residential buildings. Together with the development of advanced connectors, the introduction of cross-laminated timber (CLT) represents tremendous potential. Reliable design guidance is needed for a successful implementation of CLT in the construction market. While designing CLT panels for ultimate ...

Recovered wood as raw material for structural timber products. Characteristics, situation and study cases: Ireland and Spain
https://aran.library.nuigalway.ie/handle/10379/161... [Raw Materials] [Conference Paper] 2020
Llana, Daniel F., Íñiguez-González, Guillermo, de Arana-Fernández, Marina, Uí Chúláin, Caitríona, Harte, Annette M.
The circular economy is an efficient system to reuse materials reducing the amount of waste generated. In order to implement it in the timber sector, the InFutUReWood (Innovative Design for the Future Use and Reuse of Wood (Building) Components) is a European project studying the possibilities for reuse and recycling of timber from demolition for structural applications. Nowadays in Ireland and Spain, most of the wood waste is reduced to chips. In Ireland, chips are mainly used for energy produc...

Possibilities of timber high-rise: A parametric study on the possibilities of timber high-rise in The Netherlands
https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uui... [Tall Buildings] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2020
van Rhijn, Arthur
Sustainability is an important aspect in the construction industry nowadays and therefore timber is interesting to use as it is considered a sustainable building material. With the development of mass timber engineered products such as glued and cross laminated timber, there are more and more possibilities to use timber as a structural element, but this material is not yet widely used in high-rise buildings. Recent research has shown different aspects to take into account when using timber. Due ...

Highlighting the Unique Challenges and Differences of Building with Mass Timber
https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/cmsp/363/... [Markets] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2020
Ryan L. Richmond
As the construction industry shifts towards sustainability and owners seek to construct buildings that are sustainable - built from natural and renewable materials, and pleasing for their occupants to work in - mass timber is becoming the popular alternative to traditional steel and concrete buildings. An abundance of information is available on mass timber products and their properties and applications, but little information on the process of actually building a mass timber project. This repor...

Dynamic identification and model updating of an eight-storey CLT building
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Tall Buildings] [Journal Article] 2020
Aloisio, A., Pasca, D., Tomasi, R. and Fragiacomo, M.
So far, few in situtests have been carried out to estimate the modal parameters of multi-storey Cross-Laminated-Timber (CLT) buildings: the understanding of their dynamic behaviour under operational conditions is still an open issue. In this paper, the results of the dynamic identification of an eight-storey CLT building are reported and interpreted in the light of a simplified shear-type analytical model. The structural model is calibrated on the experimental modal parameters, which are assesse...

Refined Zigzag Theory: an appropriate tool for the analysis of CLT-plates and other shear-elastic timber structures
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00107-0... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2020
Heinz Wimmer, Werner Hochhauser, Karin Nachbagauer
Cross laminated timber (CLT), as a structural plate-like timber product, has been established as a load bearing product for walls, floor and roof elements. In a bending situation due to the transverse shear flexibility of the crossing layers, the warping of the cross section follows a zigzag pattern which should be considered in the calculation model. The Refined Zigzag Theory (RZT) can fulfill this requirement in a very simple and efficient way. The RZT, founded in 2007 by A. Tessler (NASA Lang...

Integral Design Process of CLT Structures and Robotic Fabrication
https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uui... [Other] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2020
Veldhuis, Arjen
Timber and complex designs are making a move in the building industry, as the building industry is on the brink of a significant change toward a 100% customized, more sustainable architecture. Robotic fabrication and Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) can play an important role in this change, but there is a lot of uncertainty and ignorance about the design process of robotically fabricated CLT elements. This uncertainty is primarily caused by the application of linear workflows instead of integral on...

Responses and capacity curves of mid-and high-rise wood buildings subjected to seismic excitations
https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/full/10.1139/cjce-20... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2020
S.C. Yang, H.P. Hong, F.M. Bartlett
The design and modelling of 10-, 15-, and 20-storey wood buildings with cross-laminated timber and glulam structural members are presented in the present study. The system is platform-type construction with a cross-laminated timber core, perimeter walls as lateral load resisting system, and glulam columns as the gravity system. The designed buildings satisfy requirements stipulated in applicable design codes in Canada. The hysteretic models and the associated parameters used to model the fastene...

Deterioration of CLT under Humid and Dry Cyclic Climate
https://www.scipedia.com/public/Nakajima_et_al_202... [Moisture/Durability] [Conference Paper] 2020
S. Nakajima, Y. Sakabe, S. Kimoto Y. Ohashi
Cross laminated timber (CLT) are composed of longitudinal layers and cross layers. And as the laminations of the adjoin layers are glued orthogonally deterioration of the laminations such as check and shake and delamination can be rather frequently come out when CLT is exposed to humid and dry cyclic climate. In Japan more than 100 CLT buildings have been constructed and the number of CLT building is increasing. In some buildings the CLT is designed as to be the exterior members and exposed to t...

Global CLT industry in 2020
https://www.swst.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2020/07... [Markets] [Conference Paper] 2020
Lech Muszynski, Pipiet Larasatie, Jose Erlin Martinez Guerrero, Raquel Albee, Eric N. Hansen
At the threshold of 2020, the cross-laminated timber (CLT) industry continues its incredible growth across the globe. The total output of the industry in 2020 is projected to reach 2 million cubic meters. The only continent where no new CLT plants come on line or are at least planned in 2020 is Antarctica. Although many new CLT lines were recently deployed outside of the Alpine region from where the industry evolved, Alpine countries still account for over 70% the output volume and nearly 62% of...

Robotic pre-drilling of CLT panels
https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=d... [Other] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2020
Rapp Farnes, Jim
Forestry and processing of timber have a long tradition in Sweden and the Swedish forest industry plays a significant role in the countrys economy and exports. Wooden apartment buildings are on the rise in Sweden, and the technology and production methods for the construction of multi-storey apartments are in place. Cross-laminated timber (CLT), a wood product made of glued cross-laid boards of sawn timber, is a construction material proven to be effective for the construction of wooden multi-st...

A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment for Utilising Laminated Veneer Bamboo as a Primary Structural Material in High-Rise Residential Buildings
https://arrow.tudublin.ie/builtmas/21/... [Raw Materials] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2016
Philip Kavanagh
In a time when construction is ranked as one of the world’s least sustainable industries consuming about half of the world’s non-renewable resources (Hinson, 2012), it is important to develop and advance the methods and means by which we select and use building materials and how we design, engineer and construct our architecture. This research aimed to evaluate a method for utilising laminated veneer bamboo (LVB) as a primary structural material in high-rise residential buildings and evaluate th...

Seismic design of timber buildings: Highlighted challenges and future trends
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/4/1380... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2020
Stepinac, M., Šušteršič, I., Gavrić, I. and Rajčić, V.
Use of timber as a construction material has entered a period of renaissance since the development of high-performance engineered wood products, enabling larger and taller buildings to be built. In addition, due to substantial contribution of the building sector to global energy use, greenhouse gas emissions and waste production, sustainable solutions are needed, for which timber has shown a great potential as a sustainable, resilient and renewable building alternative, not only for single famil...

Interfacial bond behavior between wood chip concrete and engineered timber glued by various adhesives
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/... [Bonding/Adhesives] [Journal Article] 2020
Fu, Q., Yan, L., Ning, T., Wang, B. and Kasal, B.
This paper investigated the interfacial bond behavior between wood chip concrete (WCC) and engineered timber (i.e. Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) or Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL)) intended for adhesively-bonded timber-concrete composite (TCC) panel system application. The WCC was produced by replacing 15% volume of the coarse aggregates with beech wood chips to reduce self-weight and improve the thermal insulation of concrete. Five WCC and five plain concrete (PC) cylinders were tested under axial...

Effect of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Connection on the Horizontal Shear Strength of CLT Walls
https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO2020282... [Alternative/Hybrid Configurations] [Journal Article] 2020
Jung, H., Song, Y. and Hong, S.
The connection performance between cross-laminated timber (CLT) walls and support has the greatest effect on the horizontal shear strength. In this study, the horizontal shear performance of CLT walls with reinforced connection systems was evaluated. The reinforcements of metal bracket connections in the CLT connection system was made by attaching glass fiber-based reinforcement to the connection zone of a CLT core lamina. Three types of glass fiber-based reinforcement were used: glass fiber she...

Fire Performance of CLT Members: A Detailed Review of Experimental Studies Across Multiple Scales
https://idp.springer.com/authorize?response_type=c... [Fire Performance] [Book/Book Section] 2020
Christos Kontis, Christoforos Tsichlas, Dionysios I. Kolaitis, Maria A. Founti
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is an innovative wood product that is increasingly used in both residential and non-residential construction projects, since it offers a range of advantages, such as light carbon footprint, quick erection time, good thermal and sound insulation characteristics. CLT members have the potential to provide excellent fire resistance characteristics, often comparable to typical massive, non-combustible construction assemblies. However, the fire performance of CLT can be af...

Fracture Mechanics Based Design of CLT-plates–Notches at Supports and Half-and-Half Joints
https://www.lunduniversity.lu.se/lup/publication/7... [Mechanical Performance] [Conference Paper] 2020
Erik Serrano, Henrik Danielsson
...

Harmonization of structural and functional lifespans of prefabricated residential buildings
https://www.iieta.org/journals/ijdne/paper/10.1828... [Design/Architectural aspects] [Conference Paper] 2020
Kokas, B., Balogh, J., Borsos, A., Medvegy, G. and Bachmann, B.
Technological developments and social trends can create demand for new building functionalities, necessitating the adaptation of existing buildings. This paper presents the development of a modular building structural system that provides for the harmonization between the structural and functional lifespans of a building in order to achieve greater sustainability. The limitations of the existing prefabricated urban buildings with respect to their adaptability are contrasted with the proposed sol...