Hardwood-Softwood Combination in Glued Laminated Timber Cross-Section
http://tces.vsb.cz/Home/ArticleDetail/494... [Raw Materials] [Journal Article] 2020
Balász, Ivan; Pešek, Ondřej; Bukovská, Pavla
Glued laminated timber (glulam), as one of the types of engineered wood products, is in our conditions most often made of coniferous, specifically spruce wood. In order to find optimal usage of material, some new configurations of cross-sections are being suggested. An advanced solution of glulam cross-section could be represented by cross-section formed from combination of hardwood (from deciduous trees) and softwood (from conifers). This paper deals with a possibility of combination of outer l...

Prediction of Torsional Stress at In‐plane Shear Loading of Cross Laminated Timber
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/4084c5be-... [Mechanical Performance] [Conference Paper] 2020
Danielsson, Henrik; Jeleč, Mario; Serrano, Erik
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Structural Performance Analysis of Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) Produced From Pine and Spruce Grown in Turkey
https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jaes/issue/58127/8... [Raw Materials] [Journal Article] 2020
BİRİNCİ, A.U., ÖZTÜRK, H., DEMİRKIR, C. and ÇOLAKOĞLU, G.
Wooden buildings with many advantages such as being lightness, durability, earthquake resistant, healthy, insulating, and esthetic are suitable for all kinds places especially earthquake zones. Cross-laminated timber (CLT) has increasingly become a viable alternative to other structural materials, mainly because of its excellent properties related to sustainability, energy efficiency, and speed of construction. This has resulted in the recent emergence of a significant number of CLT buildings co...

Failure modes and behaviour of stiffened engineered timber wall systems under axial-loading
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2020
Kristopher Orlowski
With automated prefabrication on the rise and sustainability principles becoming more prevalent in buildings, a novel material efficient stiffened engineered timber wall system has been developed. Lightweight timber framing is limited to only a few stories and although Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) structures have been recently used in taller wooden buildings, they are material inefficient against buckling due to their basic monolithic design. A novel material efficient prefabricated stiffened en...

Load-carrying capacity of timber-concrete composite panels
https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/en/article/2020.93.06... [Alternative/Hybrid Configurations] [Journal Article] 2020
Romans VasiljevsDmitrijs SerdjuksKarina Buka-VaivadeAndrejs PodkoritovsNikolai Vatin
Timber-concrete composite panels, due to its benefits, are one of the most popular alternatives to common slabs of pure timber or concrete. In the analyse of load-carrying capacity for timber-concrete composite panels, subjected to flexure, the important component is connection system between concrete layer and timber, which affects the stress distribution and the deformations of the structure. Possibility to increase effectiveness of structural materials use and load-carrying capacity of the ti...

Case Study Timber Tower Research
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.432... [Tall Buildings] [Book/Book Section] 2020
PLP Architecture, University of Cambridge and Smith and Wallwork
The act of putting bits of timber and stone together and covering them with mud and leaves was naturally the start of the art of construction and the moment when architecture was born. Wood has always been an important material in the building industry. Glued laminated wood and cross-laminated timber are engineered softwoods, typically spruce or pine from sustainable forests in temperate zones in the northern hemisphere. Timber is universally recognised as one of the most sustainable building ma...

Sound transmission in mass timber floor-ceiling assemblies
https://asa.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1121/1.514708... [Vibration/Acoustic Performance] [Journal Article] 2020
Way, E., Holmgreen, E., Ameen, J., McLain, R.
As mass timber structures become more commonly used in the United States, laboratory acoustical data is needed to guide the design of these buildings. In the fall of 2019, a laboratory test program of airborne isolation per ASTM E90 and impact isolation per ASTM E492 of mass timber floor-ceiling assemblies was undertaken. Cross Laminated Timber (CLT), Dowel Laminated Timber (DLT) and Mass Plywood Panel (MPP) panel types were tested with ceiling conditions selected based on 2021 IBC fire code req...

Issues and Solutions for Compartments with Exposed Structural Mass Timber Elements
https://idp.springer.com/authorize?response_type=c... [Fire Performance] [Conference Paper] 2020
David Barber, Robert Dixon, Susan Deeny, Pascal Steenbakkers
High-rise mass timber buildings with CLT and glulam are being planned and constructed within the globally. As timber buildings are constructed taller, architects and building owners are requesting more timber be exposed. High-rise buildings are required to have fire resistance ratings for the structural elements that can withstand the design fire in the highly unlikely event of a fully developed fire. Addressing how exposed timber and in particular CLT, influences a fully developed fire through ...

Engineered timber use in multi-storey construction in Christchurch: the trends over the past five years and continuing challenges
https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/handle/10092/102043... [Tall Buildings] [Journal Article] 2020
Evison, David
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Macro-element modelling of a dissipative connection for CLT structures
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/... [Markets] [Journal Article] 2020
Marchi, L., Trutalli, D., Scotta, R. and Pozza, L.
Dissipative steel connections for cross-laminated timber buildings are often characterized by biaxial tension-shear interaction in strength and displacement capacity. Detailed continuum models with nonlinear finite elements provide faithful results in simulating the hysteretic response of complex structural systems but generally require too much computational effort. The use of nonlinear macro-elements can strongly increase the efficiency of the analysis with limited decrease of accuracy of the ...

Column-Slab Connection In Timber Flat Slabs
https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/handle/20.... [Connectors] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2020
Muster, Marcel
With the development of large cross laminated timber (CLT) plates, a new field of possibilities for timber construction has opened. Combined with the invention of a rigid, momentresisting connection between CLT plates, it is possible to create structures like it was so far only achievable with reinforced concrete. The CLT elements can be placed next to each other on the construction site and be connected with the newly developed bonding system of the company Timber Structures 3.0 AG. In the end,...

Response of laminated glass-CLT structural components to reverse-cyclic lateral loading
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2020
Žarnić, R., Rajčić, V. and Kržan, M.
Innovative hybrid structural components composed of cross-laminated timber frame and laminated glass infill were tested to examine their response on the reverse-cyclic loading. Ductile timber-frame joints with glued-in steel rods and especially designed glass-to-timber contacts with no adhesive proved to provide high ductility and energy dissipation of structural components. In total, 20 tests of full-scale specimens were carried out; three bare frames, six frames with single glazing and eleven ...

On the diffuseness of the vibrational field of a cross-laminated timber plate: Comparison between theoretical and experimental methods
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Vibration/Acoustic Performance] [Journal Article] 2020
F. Morandi, A. Prato, L. Barbaresi, A. Schiavi
The modelling of vibro-acoustic properties of plates usually requires the hypothesis of diffuse conditions of the vibrational field. For heavy-weight homogeneous isotropic plates, this condition is met starting from low frequencies. Nevertheless, the same hypotheses do not hold when applied to stiff, inhomogeneous and non-isotropic materials, like wood, thus its modal behavior needs to be addressed with more detail. The aim of the work is to benchmark theoretical methods and experimental measure...

Response of self-centering mass plywood panel shear walls
https://wfs.swst.org/index.php/wfs/article/view/28... [Alternative/Hybrid Configurations] [Journal Article] 2020
Rajendra Soti, Arijit Sinha, Ian Morrell, Byrne T Miyamoto
The rocking behavior of self-centering mass plywood panel (MPP) walls was investigated with and without the use of supplementary energy dissipation systems. Two energy dissipation systems were tested. The first system used a kinematically expanding hysteretic damper (KE-HD), whereas the second system used slip friction connections (SFCs). The reviewed energy dissipating systems were used in a self-centering system comprising one unbonded posttensioned (PT) hold-down rod on each side of the MPP w...

Salvaged lumber for Structural Mass Timber Panels: Manufacturing and Testing
https://wfs.swst.org/index.php/wfs/article/view/29... [Raw Materials] [Journal Article] 2020
R. Arbelaez, L. Schimleck, A. Sinha
Portland, OR, was the first US city to implement a deconstruction ordinance in 2016. Although salvaged lumber can have a high demand, the market for small-sized lumber from deconstructed dwellings is near saturation. New applications for this material are required for market development, industry diversification, and increasing deconstruction practices. Mass timber products such as cross-laminated timber (CLT) could be a new market for this material, but presently there is minimal information qu...

Fire tests of South African cross-laminated timber wall panels: fire ratings, charring rates, and delamination
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340129130... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2020
van der Westhuyzen, S., Walls, R. and de Koker, N.
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Environmental and Economic Evaluation of Small-Scale Bridge Repair Using Cross-Laminated Timber Floor Slabs
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/8/3424... [Environmental Performance] [Journal Article] 2020
Iwase, T., Sasaki, T., Araki, S., Huzita, T., & Kayo, C.
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) has gained popularity worldwide in recent years, and its use in buildings and civil engineering structures has attracted attention in Japan. In this study, the life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) balance and costs associated with CLT floor slabs were evaluated with respect to small-scale bridge repair as the first instance of the use of CLT in civil engineering projects in Japan. Additionally, waterproofing treatment was applied to CLT slabs, and the potential GHG and co...

Verification of seismic resistant performance of developed original cross-laminated timber core structure method by shaking table experiment
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-89... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2020
Gunawan, I., Moritani, K., Isoda, H., Mori, T., Shinohara, M., Noda, T., Hosomi, R., Kurumada, S. and Makita, T.
In recent years, development of wood engineering is gradually increasing. Instead of using many wood columns, cross laminated timber is expected for constructing spacious open space building. Since cross-laminated timber has high rigidity and strength, cross-laminated timber is expected to be used as earthquake resistant wall or floor diaphragm that makes the span of building can be increased and the position of the wall can be adjusted openly. In order to optimize the performance of cross-lamin...

Recycleshell: Wood-only Shell Structures Made From Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) Production Waste
https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iass/jiass/... [Design/Architectural aspects] [Journal Article] 2020
Robeller, Christopher; Von Haaren, Niklas
The article describes a new construction system for shell structures made from door- and window cut-offs resulting from cross laminated timber (CLT) production lines. For the first time, form-fitting fasteners made of beech laminated veneer lumber are used in a shell made of engineered wood plates, enabling a particularly simple, fast and precise construction. The efficient planning and production of a multitude of differently shaped elements is made possible by a CAD plug-in developed by the au...

Cross laminated timber shear wall connections for seismic applications
https://krex.k-state.edu/dspace/handle/2097/40569... [Connectors] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2020
Falk, Michael
This report gives a state-of-the-art summary of current cross-laminated timber (CLT) shear wall systems and connections for seismic applications. CLT panels are gaining popularity as a building material because of their biaxial strength and light weight. CLT panels can be used in building construction not only as floors, but also as shear walls. However, the behavior of CLT shear wall systems under seismic load has yet to be defined. CLT panels are nearly rigid under in-plane loading. While this...