STRUCTURE magazine | Cross-Laminated Timber Diaphragms
https://www.structuremag.org/?p=16977... [Mechanical Performance] [Magazine/Newspaper Article] 2021
Jim DeStefano, Rick Way
Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) panels are becoming increasingly common as a roof or floor deck system in mass timber buildings. The roof and floor deck systems need to be carefully engineered and detailed to serve as diaphragms resisting wind and seismic loads. The diaphragm transmits lateral loads to the vertical lateral load resisting elements – usually shear walls or braced frames....

Effects of Thickness on the Self-extinction of Timber
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334898704... [Fire Performance] [Conference Paper] 2019
David Morrisset, Angus Law, Richard Emberley
A series of experiments was conducted using Redwood to explore the critical thickness at which self-extinction (auto-extinction) of timber does not occur for a constant heated area. Timber samples with uniform area (95x95mm) were exposed to a constant external heat flux from a vertical mass loss cone heater. Each sample varied in thickness (45-95mm) and the occurrence of self-extinction of flaming combustion was recorded. The critical mass loss rate of 2.98 ± 0.4 g/s-m2 was determined at the poi...

Failure analysis of ribbed cross-laminated timber plates
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322735585... [Alternative/Hybrid Configurations] [Journal Article] 2018
Marko Lavrenčič, Boštjan Brank
The process of material failure i.e. cracks development and their propagation in an experiment related to the bending collapse of cross laminated timber plate with ribs is described. Numerical simulation of such an experiment by the nonlinear finite element method is presented. The numerical model is based on Hashin failure criteria, initially developed for unidirectional composites, and on material softening concept applied by the smeared crack approach. It is shown that such a numerical model ...

The Use of Digital Image Correlation for Identifying Failure Characteristics of Cross-Laminated Timber Under Transverse Loading
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338672568... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2020
Satheeskumar Navaratnam, Tuan Duc Ngo, Philip Christopher, Steven Linforth
The localised crack induced by external load on an individual cross laminated timber (CLT) structural element will generate stress concentrations, which leads to the failure of a structural member. A better understanding of the structural performance of CLT in terms of its strength and failure modes under transverse loading needs to be developed to ensure structural stability, safety and resilience of mass timber buildings. The monitoring and prediction of crack initiation and the failure modes ...

Search Results | Research Library | Think Wood
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Skip header and navigation ThinkWood.com  Your Selections: 0 Items research library   ReviseSearch Revise search Search Advanced Search Help Refine Results By Topic Apply Fire 47 Design and Systems 46 Acoustics and Vibration 17 Serviceability 17 Moisture 16 Mechanical Properties 15 Seismic 14 Energy Performance 10 Connections 8 Market and Adoption 7 Environmental Impact 5 General Information 5   More Material Apply CLT (Cross-Laminated Timber) 78 Light Frame (Lumber+Panels) 27 Glulam (Glue-Lami...

Cross-Laminated Timber Takes Wood Construction to Greater Heights Than Ever Before
https://blog.strongtie.com/cross-laminated-timber-... [Markets] [Magazine/Newspaper Article] 2018
The Strong-Tie Blog Team
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is changing the way urban builders scrape the sky. From London to Tokyo, the race is on to build the tallest wood-framed skyscraper in the world. Prized for its workability, low cost and visual aesthetics, wood was widely used by urban builders until the early 20th century, when fires triggered by the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake leveled the largely stick-built city. Until recently, the other knock on wood was a vertical one, in that stick-framed buildings generally...

Performance of cross laminated timber made of oil palm trunk waste for building construction: a pilot study
https://rd.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00107-019... [Raw Materials] [Journal Article] 2019
Suthon Srivaro, Nirundorn Matan, Frank Lam
In this study, the feasibility of using oil palm trunk wastes for producing cross laminated timber (CLT) for building construction was evaluated. The small size three-layer CLT panels were manufactured using melamine urea formaldehyde adhesive as bonding between the lumber layers. Effects of oil palm wood density and the controlled strain levels of the panel during pressing on the properties of the obtained CLT panels were investigated. Panel thickness (Pt), density (ρ), water absorption (WA), t...

Fire Resistance of Large-Scale Cross-Laminated Timber Panels
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322000368... [Fire Performance] [Conference Paper] 2017
Vladan Henek, Václav Venkrbec, Miloslav Novotný
Wooden structures are increasingly being used in the construction of residential buildings. A common and often published reason to avoid wooden structures is their insufficient fire resistance, which reduces bearing capacity. For this reason, composite sandwich structures began to be designed to eliminate this drawback, as well as others. Recently, however, the trend is for a return to the original, wood-only variant and a search is underway for new technical means of improving the properties of...

Mass Timber Construction – Building for the Future
https://seblog.strongtie.com/author/fred-tai/... [Markets] [Magazine/Newspaper Article] 2016
Fred Tai
The future is here and that future is mass timber construction. It is common knowledge that wood is a renewable and environmentally friendly building material. There are two types of wood-framing methods in North America. The most common method for residential construction is light-frame construction using either balloon-framing or platform-framing methods. Standardized dimensional lumber has become the dominant building material in light-frame construction because of its economy. The other meth...

Seismic-Resistant Structure with Composite Steel-Timber Floor for Social Housing
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281462630... [Seismic Performance] [Conference Paper] 2015
Cristiano Loss, Maurizio Piazza, Riccardo Zandonini
Modern buildings are generally constructed by paying a particular attention to the use of materials and building technologies that foster the building sustainability and ensure an adequate seismic-resistant behaviour to the structure. The cross laminated timber panel, in short CLT, is one of the most widely used timber products within the residential building industry, also thanks to its intrinsic structural usage flexibility. It can be used both to build timber structures, in particular multi-s...

Material-based models for post-tensioned shear wall system with energy dissipators
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340544848... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2020
Zhiyong Chen, Marjan Popovski
The Prestressed-Laminated timber system, Pres-Lam, developed in New Zealand, is a low damage innovative wood-hybrid system that utilizes post-tensioned (PT) mass timber components along with various types of energy dissipators. In addition to testing, numerical modelling is another important approach used to investigate the structural performance of Pres-Lam system. In this study, a material-based modelling method was proposed to investigate the seismic performance of Pres-Lam cross-laminated ti...

T3: Timber, Transit, Technology - Think Wood
https://www.thinkwood.com/projects/t3-timber-trans... [Case Study/Projects] [Others] 2020
Think Wood
T3 (Timber, Transit, Technology) is the first commercial property in the United States to use wood for its structure and interior. The 7-storey, 220,000-square-foot building was constructed with 8-foot-by-20-foot panels of wood that were stacked across beams of glued, laminated timber. The panels themselves were constructed using dimension lumber....

Assessment of Energy Saving Potential by Replacing Conventional Materials by Cross Laminated Timber (CLT)—A Case Study of Office Buildings in China
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a411/29d808656ff9... [Environmental Performance] [Journal Article] 2019
Yu Dong, Xue Cui, Xunzhi Yin, Yang Chen, Haibo Guo
This research evaluates the operational heating and cooling energy consumption of cross-laminated timber (CLT) office buildings in China. The evaluations involve a comparison of the energy consumption of a reference RC structure and CLT system office buildings. Computational simulation results are based on IES-VE 2019 and show that the estimated heating energy saving ratio of CLT buildings in Harbin, Beijing, Shanghai, and Kunming to the reference structure are 11.97%, 22.11%, 30.94%, and 23.30%...

Seismic Performance of Timber–Steel Hybrid Structures. I: Subassembly Testing and Numerical Modeling
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336185740... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2019
Zheng Li, Xijun Wang, Minjuan He, Wenchen Dong, Hanlin Dong
With urban expansion, timber structures are no longer confined to low-rise buildings. The hybridization of timber with other construction materials is an effective way to obtain desirable structural performance while maintaining the many advantages of timber buildings. This paper is devoted to the development of a hybrid structural system which consists of a steel moment-resisting frame and prefabricated infill light frame wood shear walls. Quasi-static cyclic loading tests were conducted on tim...

Solutions for Upper Mid-Rise and High-Rise Mass Timber: Fire Resistance of Mass Timber Laminated Elements
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333647877... [Fire Performance] [Report] 2019
Lindsay Ranger, Christian Dagenais
Laminated timber structural elements are gaining popularity as mass timber options since they can provide an economical and readily available alternative to cross-laminated timber (CLT), namely for use in upper mid-rise buildings (7 to 11 storeys). These types of assemblies include nail-laminated timber (NLT), dowel-laminated timber (DLT), screw-laminated timber (SLT), glued-laminated timber panels (GLT), and structural composite lumber plates (SCL). There is very limited or no fire test data av...

Super Tall Timber: design research for the next generation of natural structure
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312873247... [Tall Buildings] [Journal Article] 2017
Michael Ramage, Robert Foster, Simon Smith, Kevin Flanagan, Ron Bakker
This research project aspires to make truly tall timber buildings a reality. Through a combination of theoretical design and physical testing this research demonstrates the viability of timber buildings at much greater heights than has previously been possible. By pushing the limits of theoretical designs into the realms of the supertall, sometimes beyond that which is feasible using current materials and construction technologies, this research also sets out the requirements for the next genera...

Multistorey building made of CLT: How to design it right?
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311558471... [Vibration/Acoustic Performance] [Book/Book Section] 2015
Julia Ahvenainen, Hélder S. Sousa
Cross-laminated timber may be used for very different application such as single or two storey residential buildings, however it is more often used on larger schemes where offsite manufacture and speed of construction can reduce costs, such as multistorey buildings or modular buildings. Cross-laminated timber may also be used when high performance materials are necessary with lower weight, allowing for larger spans between supports or even bolder cantilever spans. Nevertheless, there is still a ...

Mass Timber Performing to the Highest Standards
https://cwc.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Mass-Tim... [Fire Performance] [Brochure/Product Sheet] 2017
American Wood Council
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Guide for On-site Moisture Management of Wood Construction
https://cwc.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Guidefor... [Moisture/Durability] [Report] 2016
Jieying Wang
This is a principles-based document that provides guidelines and relevant information about on-site moisture management practices that can be adapted to suit a range of wood construction projects. The document aims to help designers and construction companies/builders assess the potential for moisture-related issues arising during the construction phase of a wood building project and identify the appropriate actions to mitigate such risk. Wetting is the primary concern in most climates but an ex...

Wetting and Drying Performance and On-site Moisture Protection of Nail-Laminated Timber Assemblies
https://cwc.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Wetting-... [Moisture/Durability] [Report] 2016
Jieying Wang
In recent years nail-laminated timber (NLT) has been increasingly used in wood construction including both heavy timber non-residential buildings (e.g., floors, roofs) and light wood-frame residential buildings (e.g., elevator shafts). Such built-up assemblies, however, tend to have high wetting and low drying potential and are susceptible to moisture-related issues during the construction. A test was started in November 2014 to evaluate the wetting and drying performanc...