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Explicit Vibration Formulas Applicable to Timber Plates with Free and Simply Sup
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327026218... [Vibration/Acoustic Performance] [Journal Article] 2018 Ebenezer Ussher, Kaveh Arjomandi, Ian Smith Advances in research and development have led to the application of high-strength timber plates to flooring-slab construction. It is envisaged that floors built from timber plates will have different vibration behavior from conventional joisted floors. In this paper, explicit formulas are developed based on a matrix formulation that links both the symmetric and antisymmetric vibration modes of orthotropic plates. The developed solution can be used for the dynamic analyses of orthotropic timber f... |
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Evaluation of the Mechanical Properties of Cross Laminated Timber with Elementary Beam Theories
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304355276... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2016 I.P. Christovasilis, M. Brunetti, M. Follesa, M. Nocetti, D. Vassallo This paper presents a study on the assessment of the mechanical properties of cross laminated timber (CLT) panels based on four-point bending tests. The most recent or well-established analytical theories have been implemented to estimate stiffness and strength properties under loads perpendicular or parallel to the principal plane of CLT panels from laboratory tests. The main objectives were to evaluate each proposed theory in predicting the associated deformation and failure mechanisms and to ... |
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Experimental and numerical performance of shear connections in CLT-concrete composite floor
https://rd.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1617%2Fs115... [Alternative/Hybrid Configurations] [Journal Article] 2018 Khai Quang, Mai Aron, Park Kihak Lee The hybrid cross-laminated timber (CLT) and concrete system has drawn attention as an attractive application for residential and commercial buildings. However, it is crucial to fully understand the mechanical characteristics of the CLT-concrete composite connections before such a hybrid structure becomes widely applicable. This paper assesses the structural performance (force-slip response, slip mod-ulus, and failure mode) of a CLT-concrete composite by conducting fifteen pushout test specimens,... |
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Monitoring the long-term behaviour of timber structures
http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s13349-014-0095-2... [Moisture/Durability] [Journal Article] 2014 Francesca Lanata Timber structures represent nowadays a significant part of our cultural heritage as well as an increasing market for individual buildings and large architectural and engineering projects. A lot of theoretical and experimental experiences exist at the material level, but a huge amount of parameters have to be investigated due to the singularity of wood behaviour. Therefore, some simplified behaviour models are usually proposed and validated through laboratory experiences, to be considered in desi... |
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Treatability of cross laminated timber with a low moisture uptake surface-applied penetrating process for applying termiticides
https://library.fpinnovations.ca/en/viewer?file=%2... [Moisture/Durability] [Report] 2014 Rod Stirling, Paul I. Morris Cross-laminated timber (CLT) may require preservative treatment in markets with severe termite hazards. Given the size of CLT panels, conventional pressure treatment would not be feasible. We therefore assessed the treatability of CLT panels with an alternative low moisture uptake surface-applied penetrating process for applying termiticides. Hem-fir panels were selected for the initial tests on the grounds that western hemlock and amabilis fir are relatively treatable. Nine test panels were dip... |
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Apparent sound insulation in mass timber buildings
https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/object... [Vibration/Acoustic Performance] [Report] 2020 Mahn, Jeffrey; Quirt, David; Mueller-Trapet, Markus; Hoeller, Christoph This Report presents the results from experimental studies of the airborne sound transmission of mass timber assemblies, together with an explanation of the calculation procedures to predict the apparent sound transmission class (ASTC) rating between adjacent spaces in a building constructed of mass timber assemblies. The experimental data which is the foundation for this Report includes the laboratory measured sound transmission loss of wall and floor assemblies constructed of Cross Lam... |
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Cross laminated timber plates with a notch at the support
https://portal.research.lu.se/portal/files/6632314... [Design/Architectural aspects] [Conference Paper] 2019 Erik Serrano The work presents different fracture mechanics approaches to model the crack propagation in notched cross laminated timber (crosslam) plates. The background, see [1], relates to the question of the applicability to crosslam plates of the Eurocode 5 (EC5) design equations for notched members, [1]. This involves the so-called Gustafsson approach [3], one of few design formulae in EC5 with a theoretical basis in fracture mechanics. ... |
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Structural Fire Performance of Wood-Steel-Wood Bolted Connections with and without Perpendicular-to-Wood Grain Reinforcement
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336533810... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2019 Adam Roman Petrycki, Sam Salem In fire condition, the time to failure of a timber connection is mainly reliant on the wood charring rate, the strength of the residual wood section, and the limiting temperature of the steel connectors involved in the connection. The purpose of this study is to experimentally investigate the effects of loaded bolt end distance, number of bolt rows, and the existence of perpendicular-to-wood grain reinforcement on the structural fire behavior of semi-rigid glued-laminated timber (glulam) beam-to... |
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Multi-storey wooden house building
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335065435... [Tall Buildings] [Conference Paper] 2018 Alexey Slavin, Sevada Grigoryan, Egor Popandopulo, Aleksandra Balaeva The study solves the following tasks: analysis of construction technologies that prevent environmental pollution, the development of wooden housing construction objects, the wooden housing construction strategy and the term of its implementation, and a comparison of Russian and international experience in the development of wooden housing construction. According to the results of the study, the technology of construction of multi-storey wooden houses can be a very promising component for improvi... |
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Nail Laminated Timber Construction | NLT Lumber | Think Wood
https://www.thinkwood.com/mass-timber/nlt... [Alternative/Hybrid Configurations] [Web Page] 2020 Think Wood Nail-laminated timber (NLT or nail-lam) is a century-old construction material that is undergoing a design renaissance. Its structural performance and design elegance come together to create inspiring spaces in many historical buildings as well as modern new projects of all sizes.... |
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Elastic behavior of Cross Laminated Timber and timber panels with regular gaps: Thick-plate modeling and experimental validation
https://hal-enpc.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01691125... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2018 L. Franzoni, A. Lebée, F. Lyon, G. Forêt In the present paper, the influence of periodic gaps between lamellas of Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) on the panels elastic behavior is analyzed by means of a periodic homogenization scheme for thick plates having periodic geometry. Both small gaps, due to the fabrication process of not-gluing lateral lamellas, and wider gaps are investigated. The results obtained with the periodic homogenization scheme are compared to existing closed-form solutions and available experimental data. It appears th... |
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Is Wood a Sustainable Material? | Think Wood
https://www.thinkwood.com/sustainability... [Environmental Performance] [Web Page] 2020 Think Wood When it comes to a sustainable built environment, material choices matter. Wood is a natural, renewable, and sustainable material for building, with a lighter carbon footprint than steel or concrete. Maximizing wood use in both residential and commercial construction could remove an estimated 21 million tons of C02 from the atmosphere annually – equal to taking 4.4 million cars off the road.... |
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Modeling the Coupling Effect of CLT Connections under Biaxial Loading
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339366719... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2020 Jingjing Liu, Frank Lam, Ricardo Foschi, Minghao Li This paper presents the modeling of coupling effect of tension and shear loading on cross-laminated timber (CLT) connections using a finite-element-based algorithm called HYST developed in 2000. The model idealizes the connections as a pseudonail-elastoplastic beam elements (the nail) surrounded by compression-only spring elements (steel sheath and wood embedment). A gap size factor and an unloading stiffness degradation index of the spring elements under cyclic loading were integrated into the ... |
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Blast Testing of Loaded Cross-Laminated Timber Structures
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324572491... [Other] [Conference Paper] 2018 Mark Weaver, Charles Newberry, Lisa Podesto, Casey O’Laughlin Results from a series of blast tests performed in October 2016 on three two-story, single-bay cross-laminated timber (CLT) structures demonstrated the ability of CLT construction to resist airblast loads in a predictable fashion. These tests were performed on structures without superimposed load to limit inertial resistance. Subsequently, a follow-on series of tests was performed to investigate the response of axially-loaded CLT construction. Panels damaged during the preceding test were removed... |
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CLT–Steel Hybrid System: Ductility and Overstrength Values Based on Static Pushover Analysis
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/CLT%E2%80%93... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2014 C. Dickof, S.F. Stiemer, M.A. Bezabeh, S. Tesfamariam AbstractA timber-steel hybrid system, where cross-laminated timber (CLT) shear panels are used as infill in steel moment resisting frames, is analytically investigated. The proposed hybrid system combines ductile behavior of steel moment frame with lighter and stiffer CLT panels. Initial parametric study is carried out with a single-bay-single-story model using pushover analysis to investigate effect of CLT panel thickness, crushing strength, and confinement gap. Results showed that the paramete... |
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DES336 – CLT Connection Design Provisions in the 2018 NDS
https://awc.org/education/main/lists/des-design-co... [Standards/Building code] [Report] 2020 American Wood Council The addition of cross-laminated timber (CLT) to AWC’s National Design Specification® (NDS®) and upcoming changes in the 2021 International Building Code (IBC) has given engineers exciting design options never before available in US building codes and standards. New provisions were introduced for CLT connection design in the 2015 edition of the NDS and clarified in the 2018 edition. This presentation will provide background on relevant NDS provisions governing structural design of connections for... |
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Diaphragmatic Behaviour of Hybrid Cross-Laminated Timber Steel Floors
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325951289... [Mechanical Performance] [Conference Paper] 2018 Cristiano Loss, Filippo Gobbi, Thomas Tannert The diaphragmatic behaviour of floors represents one important requirement for earthquake resistant buildings since diaphragms connect the lateral load resisting systems at each floor level and transfer the seismic forces to them as a function of their in-plane stiffness. This paper presents an innovative hybrid timber-steel solution for floor diaphragms developed by coupling cross-laminated timber panels with cold-formed custom-shaped steel beams. The floor consists of prefabricated repeatable ... |
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Dynamic Determination Of The Modulus Of Elasticity Of Maritime Pine Cross-laminated Panels Using Vibration Methods
https://www.witpress.com/elibrary/wit-transactions... [Mechanical Performance] [Conference Paper] 2017 Gian Felice Giaccu, Daniel Meloni, Monica Valdès, Massimo Fragiacomo This paper describes the preliminary results of an ongoing research activity involving Maritime Pine Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) panels, aimed to exploit the potentialities of this native species of Sardinia. The modulus of elasticity (MOE) is a key parameter for grading wooden products and evaluating the overall mechanical properties of panels. Free Vibration tests can be an effective method to assess the dynamic MOE of wooden products; the method is based on the direct measurement of the firs... |
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Variability in strength and stiffness of structural Norway spruce timber - influence of raw material parameters
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242756793... [Raw Materials] [Journal Article] 2000 Robert Kliger The most basic requirements for any material used in engineered construction are that it should have sufficient strength to guarantee the desired level of structural safety and sufficient stiffness to meet the stability requirements and any desirable serviceability criteria. In this study approximately 750 battens from 23 different stands and with 12 different dimensions have been strength tested according to European standard EN 408. The modulus of elasticity and bending strength were determine... |
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