Monitoring the long-term behaviour of timber structures
http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s13349-014-0095-2... [Moisture/Durability] [Journal Article] 2014
Francesca Lanata
Timber structures represent nowadays a significant part of our cultural heritage as well as an increasing market for individual buildings and large architectural and engineering projects. A lot of theoretical and experimental experiences exist at the material level, but a huge amount of parameters have to be investigated due to the singularity of wood behaviour. Therefore, some simplified behaviour models are usually proposed and validated through laboratory experiences, to be considered in desi...

Monitoring the long-term behaviour of timber structures
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s133... [Moisture/Durability] [Journal Article] 2014
Francesca Lanata
Timber structures represent nowadays a significant part of our cultural heritage as well as an increasing market for individual buildings and large architectural and engineering projects. A lot of theoretical and experimental experiences exist at the material level, but a huge amount of parameters have to be investigated due to the singularity of wood behaviour. Therefore, some simplified behaviour models are usually proposed and validated through laboratory experiences, to be considered in desi...

Sensitivity Analysis of In-Pane Stiffness of CLT Walls With Openings
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f3fd/149c3554b965... [Mechanical Performance] [Conference Paper] 2017
M Shahnewaz, T. Tannert, M. Alam, M. Popovski
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a relatively new product that is gaining popularity in residential and non-residential applications in the North American construction market. As an engineered wood product categorized as “mass timber”, CLT provides many benefits when compared to either light-fame wood construction or concrete and steel construction. The cross-lamination itself provides improved dimensional stability to the product that allows for prefabrication of long floor slabs and single stor...

On strength and stiffness of screwed-in threaded rods embedded in softwood
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342674786... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2020
Haris Stamatopoulos, Kjell Arne Malo
Screwed-in threaded rods with wood screw threads feature high axial capacity and stiffness and can be used as fasteners in highly resistant and stiff timber connections. The purpose of the present paper is to review the existing literature and design rules in the present version of Eurocode 5 (EN 1995-1-1) and European Technical Assessments, to identify gaps of knowledge and to provide some proposals for the strength and stiffness of threaded rods. A collection of experimental results is used to...

Tensile Strength of Laminating Grades of Lumber
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/294303046... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 1988
Catherine M. Marx, James W. Evans
Knowledge of the distributional characteristics of tensile strength for laminating grades of lumber in the United States is necessary for the reliability-based design of glued-laminated (glulam) timbers. The work reported here provides tensile strength distributional characteristics, including three-parameter Weibull distributional estimates, for four Douglas-Fir/Larch and three Southern Pine laminating grades. A total of 1345 'on-grade' 2 by 6's, 12 feet long, were tested in tension parallel to...

Hybrid wood-based structural systems for multi-storey buildings
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304496608... [Alternative/Hybrid Configurations] [Conference Paper] 2016
Cristiano Loss, Maurizio Piazza, Riccardo Zandonini
This work concerns modern buildings with a highly prefabricated hybrid steel-timber construction system. The paper shows in detail an innovative modular structure built using standardized construction components. The floors consist of an assembly of composite steel-timber elements with flat CLT slabs, while the main structural framework is an ensemble of concentrically braced steel frames. The document presents two new construction technologies developed for the realization of ultra-light and su...

Energy based design of a novel timber-steel building
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329310298... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2018
C. Goertz, Fabrizio Mollaioli, Solomon Tesfamariam
Energy-based methodology is utilized to design novel timber-steel hybrid core wall system. The timber-steel core wall system consists of cross laminated timber (CLT), steel columns, angled brackets and t-stub connections. The CLT wall panels are stiff and strong, and ductility is provided through the steel t-stub connections. The structural system was modelled in SAP2000 finite element program. The hybrid system is explained in detail and validated using first principles. To evaluate performance...

Performance of structural wood members exposed to fire
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/35872369_... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 1975
Robert Marius. Knudson
A method which is general in respect to member size, configuration, and exposure conditions was developed to predict behavior of structural wood members both during and following fire exposure. The method is based on prediction of temperature distribution within a member by finite-element methods combined with a knowledge of the effects of temperature and time on mechanical properties of material composing the member. Using predicted temperature distribution and employing elementary beam and col...

Analytical prediction of the fire resistance of the glulam bolted connections under coupled moment and shear
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342177658... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2020
Zheng Li, Jing Luo, Minjuan He, Guirong He, Yongliang Sun
The mechanical behavior of beam-to-column connections has a crucial influence on the lateral performance of post-and-beam timber structures. During the last two decades, a few analytical approaches have been proposed to predict the fire performance of glulam bolted connections loaded either parallel or perpendicular to the wood grain. The beam-to-column connections are normally subjected to coupled bending moment and shear force in a timber structure. However, little research effort has been pai...

Efficient and Sustainable Construction With Premanufactured Cross-Laminated Timber
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/EFFICIENT-AN... [Markets] [other] 2017
Tyler Eklund
Cross-laminated timber (CLT), which is an engineered wood product introduced in Germany and Austria in the 1990s, is an excellent example of the ramifications the importance of sustainability in the construction industry. This paper defines sustainability in the context of the construction industry as concerning pollution, including greenhouse gases, renewability of the factors of production, and the energy and resources used during the lifetime of the structure or installation. The production o...

Acoustic performance of timber and timber-concrete floors
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284114142... [Vibration/Acoustic Performance] [Journal Article] 2015
Carlos Martins, Pedro Santos, Pedro Almeida, L. Godinho, A. M.P.G. Dias
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Force Modification Factors for CLT Structures for NBCC
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F97... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2014
Marjan Popovski, Shiling Pei, John W. van de Lindt, E. Karacabeyli
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) as a structural system is not introduced in European or North American building codes, and there is limited information available on the seismic factors for design of such structures. The objective of the study was to derive suitable ductility-based force modification factors (R d-factors) for seismic design of CLT buildings in the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC). For that purpose, the well-known six-storey NEESWood Capstone wood-frame building was redesigned...

Responses and capacity curves of mid- and high-rise wood buildings subjected to seismic excitations
http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/10.1139/cjce-2... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2019
S.C. Yang, H.P. Hong, F.M. Bartlett
The design and modelling of 10-, 15-, and 20-storey wood buildings with cross-laminated timber and glulam structural members are presented in the present study. The system is platform-type construction with a cross-laminated timber core, perimeter walls as lateral load resisting system, and glulam columns as the gravity system. The designed buildings satisfy requirements stipulated in applicable design codes in Canada. The hysteretic models and the associated parameters used to model the fastene...

In-plane Elastic Flexibility of Cross Laminated Timber Floor Diaphragms
https://www.pure.ed.ac.uk/ws/files/81270069/CLT_Fl... [Vibration/Acoustic Performance] [Journal Article] 2019
Giuseppe D’arenzo, Daniele Casagrande, Thomas Reynolds, Marinella Fossetti
No appropriate method exists to calculate the in-plane flexibility of cross-laminated timber as a floor diaphragm. This flexibility affects the load distribution between shear walls, bracing or cores, as well as adding to local deflections and inter-storey drift. This paper presents a sensitivity analysis based on experimentally measured connection behaviour from the literature and the present study. An important new contributing factor is described: the connection of the floor panels to the sup...

Special Issue on Timber in Fire
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s106... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2015
Luke A. Bisby, Andrea Frangi
Timber is amongst the oldest building materials used by humankind. We have been building with timber for millennia, and in its various forms timber has consistently remained a key structural and building material in most cultures (along with masonry and, more recently, concrete and steel). However, various conflagrations in largely timber-built towns and cities around the world throughout the history of civilization-typically called the Great Fires (e.g. of Rome, Con-stantinople, Hangzhou, Utrec...

Seismic performance evaluation of timber-steel hybrid structure through large-scale shaking table tests
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327230580... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2018
Minjuan He, Qi Luo, Zheng Li, Hanlin Dong, Minghao Li
The experimental results and numerical simulation of shaking table tests on a two-thirds scale four-story timber-steel hybrid structure are reported in this paper. The hybrid structural system, developed recently, consists of prefabricated infill wood shear walls and moment-resisting steel frames serving as structural subassemblies to resist seismic loads together. The hybrid structure was subjected to earthquake ground motions at three different hazard levels with peak ground accelerations scal...

Characterization and Structural Performance in Bending of CLT Panels Made from Small-Diameter Logs of Loblolly/Slash Pine
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Characteriza... [Raw Materials] [Journal Article] 2018
V. Baño, D. Godoy, Diego Figueredo, A. Vega
The main objective of this work was to study the structural viability of using small-diameter logs of Uruguayan Loblolly/Slash pine, mainly from thinning operations, to design cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels. A visual grade named “CTH” (coniferous thinning) was proposed, and 45 specimens of sawn timber boards were tested, resulting in 51% lower bending strength than that of the minimum strength class C14. Subsequently, 20 CLT panels were manufactured and experimentally tested, the results sh...

The bending properties of bamboo bundle laminated veneer lumber (BLVL) double beams
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303181476... [Raw Materials] [Journal Article] 2016
Fuming Chen, Zehui Jiang, Ge Wang, Haidong Li, Lee Miller Smith, Sheldon Q Shi
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Simplified cross-laminated timber wall modelling for linear-elastic analysis
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272294276... [Mechanical Performance] [Conference Paper] 2011
Iztok Sustersic, Bruno Dujic
The paper discusses simplified modelling of cross-laminated (crosslam, Xlam) timber walls suitable for linear elastic seismic design. We present equations for the appropriate horizontal in-plane stiffness of walls, taking into account the influence of the basic timber panels (including openings), top and bottom connections of walls, connection between adjacent wall panels, vertical load and friction. The proposed procedure is suitable for modelling a crosslam building with substitution frames or...

Mass timber - the emergence of a modern construction material
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312056231... [Markets] [Conference Paper] 2016
A.M. Harte
Conference Paper Mass timber - the emergence of a modern construction material August 2016 Conference: Civil Engineering Research in Ireland CERI16 At: G Volume: 1 Authors: A.M. Harte 31.63 National University of Ireland Galway Request full-text PDF To read the conference paper of this research, you can request a copy directly from the author. ... Knock on (Engineered) Wood: Pathways to Increased Deployment of Cross-Laminated Timber A Case Study of the Building Sector in Sweden Thesis Full-text...