Evaluating rolling shear strength properties of cross-laminated timber by short-span bending tests and modified planar shear tests
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317173427... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2017
Minghao Li
This paper presents an experimental study on rolling shear (RS) strength properties of non-edge-glued cross-laminated timber (CLT) made out of New Zealand Radiata pine (Pinus radiata) structural timber. CLT specimens with 35 and 20 mm thick laminations were studied to evaluate the influence of lamination thickness on the RS strength of CLT. Short-span three-point bending tests were used to introduce high RS stresses in cross layers of CLT specimens and facilitate the RS failure mechanism. Modifi...

Bonding strength test method assessment for Cross-Laminated Timber Derived Stres
https://dx.doi.org/10.1617/s11527-017-1069-8... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2017
Emilio Luengo, Eva Hermoso, Juan Carlos Cabrero, Francisco Arriaga
Different methods, including bending tests and small and medium size shear tests, were used to assess the skin to stringer glue line shear strength of Radiata Pine Cross-Laminated Timber Derived Stressed-Skin Panels (CLT SSP). Bending test shear strengths were estimated using the mechanically jointed beam theory (gamma method) for Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) panels with modifications in the layers’ effective widths, and then compared with results from the small and medium size shear tests. Smal...

Building a Sustainable Future with Cross Laminated Timber
https://thebossmagazine.com/sustainable-future-cro... [Environmental Performance] [Magazine/Newspaper Article] 2017
BOSS Magazine
Cross laminated timber (CLT) has proven to be an amazing alternative to traditional building materials such as steel, concrete, and masonry....

Seismic analysis of multi-storey timber buildings braced with a CLT core and perimeter shear-walls
https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-0467-9... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2018
Andrea Polastri, Matteo Izzi, Luca Pozza, Cristiano Loss, Ian Smith
The seismic behaviour of multi-storey heavy-frame timber building superstructures braced by Cross-Laminated-Timber (CLT) shear-walls is investigated based on numerical linear dynamic simulations. All systems analysed have the same rectangular plan footprint dimensions, type of framework and shear-walls arrangement at each storey. For structural efficiency, the layout of lateral load-resisting systems combines a central building core with partial length perimeter shear-walls. What differs between...

Full-Scale Tests and Numerical Analysis of Low-Rise CLT Structures under Lateral
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281214336... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2015
Motoi Yasumura, Kenji Kobayashi, Minoru Okabe, Tatsuya Miyake, Kazuyuki Matsumoto
This study examines the mechanical performance of large and small cross-laminated timber (CLT) wall panels with different applications. Two CLT structures were subjected to reversed cyclic lateral loads. One structure consisted of 90-mm-thick, large CLT wall panels (6×2.7 m), and the other consisted of 90-mm-thick, small CLT wall panels (1×2.7 m). A weight was installed on the roof of two-story structures to simulate the weight of three-story structures, designed by elastic calculations with a b...

Shear Connections with Self-Tapping-Screws for Cross- Laminated-Timber Panels
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280496336... [Connectors] [Conference Paper] 2015
Afrin Hossain, Ruthwik Lakshman, Thomas Tannert
Cross-Laminated-Timber (CLT) is increasingly gaining popularity in residential and non-residential applications in North America. To use CLT as lateral load resisting system, individual panels need to be connected. In order to provide in-plane shear connections, CLT panels may be joined with a variety of options including the use of self-tapping-screws (STS) in surface splines and half-lap joints. Alternatively, STS can be installed at an angle to the plane allowing for simple butt joints and av...

Designed to be relocatable, this prefab wood building is so nice it's not going anywhere
https://www.treehugger.com/green-architecture/desi... [Markets] [Magazine/Newspaper Article] 2017
Lloyd Alter
Many researchers have found that the Biophilia Effect, a preference for natural materials, is significant for our well-being, leading to better learning rates, lower blood pressure, and reduced stress...

Evaluating rolling shear strength properties of cross-laminated timber by short-span bending tests and modified planar shear tests
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Evaluating-r... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2017
Minghao Li
This paper presents an experimental study on rolling shear (RS) strength properties of non-edge-glued cross-laminated timber (CLT) made out of New Zealand Radiata pine (Pinus radiata) structural timber. CLT specimens with 35 and 20 mm thick laminations were studied to evaluate the influence of lamination thickness on the RS strength of CLT. Short-span three-point bending tests were used to introduce high RS stresses in cross layers of CLT specimens and facilitate the RS failure mechanism. Modifi...

Torque loading tests on the rolling shear strength of cross-laminated timber
https://rd.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10086-016... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2016
Frank Lam, Yuan Li, Minghao Li
In this study , torque loading tests on small shear blocks were performed to evaluate the rolling shear strength of cross-laminated timber (CLT). The CLT plates in the tests were manufactured with Mountain Pine Beetle-afflicted lumber boards and glued with polyurethane adhesive; two types of layups (five-layer and three-layer) with a clamping pressure 0.4 MPa were studied. The small block specimens were sampled from full-size CLT plates and the cross layers were processed to have an annular cros...

Fire safety engineering in timber buildings
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317074580... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2017
Birgit Östman Daniel Brandon, Håkan Frantzich
The combustibility of timber is one of the main reasons that many building regulations strictly limit the use of timber as a building material. Fire safety is an important contribution to feeling safe, and an important criterion for the choice of building materials. Historically, the combustibility aspect of wood has been a disadvantage for using timber as a construction material. The main precondition for an increased use of timber in buildings is providing adequate fire safety. This paper revi...

Tall Wood Buildings in the 2021 IBC - Up to 18 Stories of Mass Timber
https://www.woodworks.org/wp-content/uploads/wood_... [Tall Buildings] [Report] 2020
Scott Breneman, Matt Timmers, Dennis Richardson
In January 2019, the International Code Council (ICC) approved a set of proposals to allow tall wood buildings as part of the 2021 International Building Code (IBC). Based on these proposals, the 2021 IBC will include three new construction types—Type IV-A, IV-B and IV-C—allowing the use of mass timber or noncombustible materials. These new types are based on the previous Heavy Timber construction type (renamed Type IV-HT) but with additional fire-resistance ratings and levels of required noncom...

Fire-Exposed Cross-Laminated Timber-Modelling and Tests
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326710882... [Fire Performance] [Conference Paper] 2010
Joachim Schmid, Jürgen König, Jochen Köhler
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is increasingly used in medium-rise timber buildings, for the time being up to eight storeys, among other reasons for cost effectiveness and robustness. This paper presents a simple design model using the effective cross-section method for the structural fire design, i.e. the determination of the mechanical resistance with respect to bending (floors). Performing advanced calculations for a large number of lay-ups of various lamination thicknesses, using the thermal a...

2011 UMass Wood Structures Symposium | September 8-9, 2011
http://www.woodstructuressymposium.com... [Markets] [Others] 2011
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Join us this September for the 2011 Symposium on Wood Engineering, Architecture and Construction at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Presentations will cover net-zero energy technology, environmental benefits of using wood and new, innovative wood building systems. Experts from both North America and Austria present the essentials in achieving energy efficiency and sustainability in wood construction in this inspiring 2 day seminar. This year, we are proud to be partnering with the Univ...

An experimental study on shear strength of glubam
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317567325... [Raw Materials] [Journal Article] 2017
Yan Xiao, Y. Wu, J. Li, R.Z. Yang
Glued-laminated bamboo (glubam) is a new type of structural material, which is developed as a potential alternative to the glued-laminated lumber or glulam. Similar to modern timber structures, connecting the glubam elements using steel joints requires a good understanding of the shear behavior of the material. In this study, glubam boards with three different bamboo strip (or fiber) configurations are manufactured and studied. Three types of glubam boards were manufactured and tested, including...

Multi-unit Residential — XLam
https://www.xlam.co.nz/solutions/multi-unit-reside... [Commercial/Company Information] [Brochure/Product Sheet] 2020
XLam
By using a prefabricated timber solution, together with pre-fabricated bathroom PODS, builders are able to bring our finishes trades in much earlier during the structure phase we compared to conventional concrete framed buildings. Additionally, a timber solution has the potential to cut down on structural cycle times, achieving an 8-day floor to floor cycle....

Finite Element Analysis of Composite Laminated Timber (CLT)
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328787944... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2018
Juan Enrique Martínez-Martínez, Mar Alonso-Martínez, Felipe Pedro Álvarez Rabanal, Juan José del Coz Díaz
In the research for sustainable construction, cross-laminated timber (CLT) has gained popularity and become a widely used engineered timber product. However, there are few numerical studies of the structural behaviour of CLT. Among other issues, the orthotropic properties of CLT complicate finite element analysis (FEA). This paper presents a finite element model (FEM) to predict the structural behaviour of CLT beams subjected to sustained flexural loading. This numerical model includes a materia...

Bending performance of nail-laminated timber constructed of fast-grown plantation eucalypt
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs0... [Raw Materials] [Journal Article] 2019
Mohammad Derikvand, Hui Hui Jiao, Nathan Nathan Kotlarewski, Michael Michael Lee, Andrew Chan, Gregory Gregory Nolan
Australias hardwood plantation estate is predominantly comprised of Eucalyptus nitens and Eucalyptus globulus, which are mainly being managed to produce woodchips-a low-value commodity export. There is an increasing interest by the timber industry in developing higher-value structural products from the low-grade timber recovered from these plantation resources. In this experimental study, for the first time, the bending performance of nail-laminated timber (NLT) and NLT-concrete composite (NLTC)...

Structural Fire Design-Statement on the Design of Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT)
https://juniperpublishers.com/cerj/pdf/CERJ.MS.ID.... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2019
Schmid J., Werther N., Klippel M., Frangi A.
Recently, some comments about Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) appeared in journals, online press and lobby documents that highlighted “inconsistencies” of the product when it comes to its fire safe use. The actual document summarizes relevant fire characteristics of CLT, which were brought up, and addresses them accordingly with respect to common understanding, established experience, European standardization and available design guidance. This document shows that currently fire design is not ful...

Cross-laminated Timber (CLT) in China: A State-of-the-Art
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Markets] [Journal Article] 2019
Hao Li, Brad Jianhe Wang, Peixing Wei, Libin Wang
As a new type of green low-carbon engineered wood product, cross-laminated timber (CLT) is widely used in various types of wooden buildings in Europe and North America, and the number of high-rise wood construction is also increasing. Based on the introduction of the structural characteristics of the CLT and the development status of the CLT in developed countries, this paper focused on the review of the status of research and development of the CLT in China, with an emphasis on the breakthrough...

Structural Fire Design-Statement on the Design of Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT)
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332460179... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2019
Joachim Schmid, Norman Werther, Michael Klippel, Andrea Frangi
Recently, some comments about Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) appeared in journals, online press and lobby documents that highlighted “inconsistencies” of the product when it comes to its fire safe use. The actual document summarizes relevant fire characteristics of CLT, which were brought up, and addresses them accordingly with respect to common understanding, established experience, European standardization and available design guidance. This document shows that currently fire design is not fully...