Modeling stiffness of connections and non-structural elements for dynamic response of taller glulam timber frame buildings
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2022
S. Tulebekova, K.A. Malo, A. Rønnquist, P. Nåvik
Currently, there is limited knowledge of the dynamic response of taller glue laminated (glulam) timber buildings due to ambient vibrations. Based on previous studies, glulam frame connections, as well as non-structural elements (external timber walls and internal plasterboard partitions) can have a significant impact on the global stiffness properties, and there is a lack of knowledge in modeling and investigation of their impact on the serviceability level building dynamics. In this paper, a nu...

The Economics of Forest Carbon Sequestration Revisited: A Challenge for Emissions Offset Trading
https://web.uvic.ca/~repa/publications/REPA%20work... [Economics/Costs] [Report] 2015
G. Cornelis
This paper provides an overview of the role that forestry activities play in mitigating climate change. The emphasis is on a comparison of carbon offset credits and a carbon tax/subsidy scheme for incentivizing reductions in the release of CO2 emissions and increase in sequestration of atmospheric CO2 through forestry. In addition to traditional issues related to additionality, leakages, and the transaction costs of determining and verifying how many carbon offsets are created, we investigate t...

Yield mechanisms of base shear connections for cross-laminated timber shear walls
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2022
H. Daneshvar, J. Niederwestberg, J.P. Letarte, Y.H. Chui
When cross-laminated timber (CLT) shear wall is designed for seismic loads, the Canadian timber design standard recognizes rocking as the sole energy dissipation kinematic mechanism to meet the capacity design requirement. The sliding mechanism, achievable by yielding of the base shear connections of CLT shear walls, is currently excluded. The focus of this research was on the yielding mechanism of base shear connections for mass timber shear walls as potential source for dissipating energy duri...

Novel Hold-Down Solutions for Cross-Laminated Timber Shear Walls
https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/9780784484... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2022
T. Tannert
Cross-laminated timber (CLT), an engineered wood product categorized as “mass timber,” is gaining popularity in residential and non-residential applications. The prospect of building larger timber structures creates structural challenges, amongst them being that lateral forces created by high winds and strong earthquakes are higher and create higher demands of “hold-downs.” These demands are multiple: high strength to resist loads, high stiffness to minimize deflections during wind events, as w...

Cross-Laminated Timber Concrete Composite Systems for Long-Span Floors
https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/9780784484... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2022
M. Shahnewaz, R. Jackson, T. Tannert
Experimental investigations on full-scale (9.6 m) and half-scale (4.8 m) cross-laminated timber (CLT)-concrete-composite (TCC) slab bands are presented. The out-of-plane shear and ultimate flexural capacities of these TCC floors utilizing several types of shear connectors were determined. The TCC system was comprised of a 245 mm thick, 7-ply CLT with 150 mm concrete topping joined with shear connectors. The efficiency of three types of shear connectors: self-tapping screws, steel kerf plates, an...

Innovative CLT Gravity and Lateral Systems for Vancouver School Projects
https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/9780784484... [Case Study/Projects] [Journal Article] 2022
M. Shahnewaz, C. Dickof, N. Bevilacqua, T. Tannert
This paper presents innovative uses of cross-laminated timber (CLT) as part of the gravity and lateral force resisting systems for two school projects in Vancouver, the Sir Matthew Begbie and Bayview Elementary Schools. Natural Resources Canada Green Construction through Wood (GCWood) program supported the project construction and coordination costs associated with innovative mass timber construction. The two-storey school buildings will provide classrooms, teaching areas, gymnasium, as well as ...

Experimental and numerical study on the bending response of a prefabricated composite CLT-steel floor module
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Mechanical Performance] [Journal Article] 2022
D. Owolabi, C. Loss
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is one of the most widely utilized mass timber products for floor construction given its sustainability, widespread availability, ease of fabrication and installation. Composite CLT-based assemblies are emerging alternatives to provide flooring systems with efficient design and optimal structural performance. In this paper, a novel prefabricated CLT-steel composite floor module is investigated. ...

The Vibration Reduction Index of Typical Canadian Cross-laminated Timber Junctions
https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/ince/inc... [Standards/Building code] [Journal Article] 2023
J. Mahn, M. Müller-Trapet, I. Cunha
In support of the National Building Code of Canada, The National Research Council Canada has published research report RR-335 which describes the results of measurements of the transmission of structure-borne noise through junctions between mass timber elements. The Code only allows for the use of measured data for the vibration reduction index from the NRC's reports or reports from other research institutes. The Code does not currently allow for the use of empirical data for the calculation of ...

Quantifying and Reducing Embodied Carbon in the Acoustic Design of Mass Timber Buildings
https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/ince/inc... [Vibration/Acoustic Performance] [Conference Paper] 2023
J. Bligh
An adoption of mass timber construction is the construction industry's best shot at reducing its significantly large contribution to global CO2 emissions. Acoustic design in mass timber buildings typically relies on mass and facing materials in order to meet design criteria, and can account for a high proportion of the embodied carbon (CO2e) per m² on a build. In order to fit with the ethos of mass timber construction; low embodied carbon, reusable, cradle to cradle materials must be adopted. Th...

Seismic loss and resilience assessment of tall-coupled cross-laminated timber wall building
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/8755... [Seismic Performance] [Journal Article] 2023
T. You, B.T. Teweldebrhan, W. Wang, S. Tesfamariam
Balloon-type cross-laminated timber coupled-wall (CLT-CW) structure is an emerging and sustainable option for constructing tall timber buildings. The structure features buckling restrained brace (BRB) hold-downs, balloon-type CLT walls, and coupling beams with replaceable shear links. This study investigates the probabilistic seismic performance (including economic loss, downtime, and resilience index) of a 20-story CLT-CW building....

Modeling Internet Search Behavior of Cross-Laminated Timber
https://meridian.allenpress.com/fpj/article/73/1/5... [General Information] [Journal Article] 2023
B.K. Via, D. Kennedy, M.S. Peresin
The Internet is a powerful tool that can be leveraged to explore user search behavior. Google Trends is a compelling database that tracks the frequency with which all users search any given word. There is thus an opportunity to see if the search histories obtained from Google Trends can be merged with data analytics to tease out underlying relationships with similar searches for cross-laminated timber (CLT). In this study, multiple linear regression was used to predict the search strength of the...

Carbon assessment of a wooden single-family building–A novel deep green design and elaborating on assessment parameters
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/... [Environmental Performance] [Journal Article] 2023
B. Petrović, O. Eriksson, X. Zhang
The aim of this study was to investigate how the carbon accounting of a wooden single-family house is affected by (1) decreasing the carbon footprint by changes in building design, (2) differentiating biogenic carbon from fossil carbon and (3) including external benefits beyond the state-of-the-art system boundaries. The motivation of exploring different system boundaries, improved building design and investigating benefits aside of system boundaries rely on the fact of having the “full” picture...

Vibration Attenuation in a High-Rise Hybrid-Timber Building: A Comparative Study
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/4/2230... [Vibration/Acoustic Performance] [Journal Article] 2023
S. Chapain, A.M. Aly
Recent developments in engineered timber products, and their availability, durability, and renewability, have led to taller and more flexible buildings. However, these buildings may experience excessive vibrations, resulting in safety and serviceability issues due to wind or earthquake loads. This paper presents a dynamic analysis of a 42-story-tall hybrid-timber building, along with a comparative study of the performance of three damping devices: (i) pendulum pounding tuned mass damper (PTMD), ...

A framework for evaluation of improvement opportunities for environmental impacts on construction works using life cycle assessment and value stream mapping
https://www.scipublications.com/journal/index.php/... [Environmental Performance] [Journal Article] 2023
A. Mofolasayo
There have been various concerns about the environmental impact of construction works. This generates a need to take a more proactive approach in evaluating the environmental impacts of construction operations and further explore ways to reduce the environmental impacts. Enormous opportunities exist within the building industry to achieve a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. The aim of the study is to develop a framework for the evaluation of improvement opportunities for environmental impac...

Special_Issue_Proposal_Form.doc
https://www.scipublications.com/Special_Issue_Prop... [Markets] [other]

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Insect pests of timber-in-service: an Australian review
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/000491... [Moisture/Durability] [Journal Article] 2023
M. Horwood, H.F. Nahrung, C. Fitzgerald, A.J. Carnegie
‘Timber-in-service’ consists of tree components prepared for use in building and carpentry and other wooden infrastructure such as bridges, pylons and power poles. About 70% of timber used in Australia goes into building and construction and 15–20% goes into furniture, and 50 000 electricity poles are produced annually. Timber-in-service pests are a threat to such material throughout its service life. In this review, we identify native and non-native insects associated with timber-in-service in ...

A review of the cost efficiency and environmental sustainability of cross-laminated timber compared with concrete for multi-storey buildings in Australia
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.120... [Economics/Costs] [Book/Book Section] 2023
Y. Sun
The project will use Revit to model a 6-story residential building with a reinforced concrete structure and CLT structure to analyze using the Life Cycle Costing (LCC) method and Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) method. The results of this research will demonstrate whether CLT is more economically and environmentally sustainable than reinforced concrete structures....

External fire plumes from mass timber compartment fires—Comparison to test methods for regulatory compliance of façades
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/fa... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2023
J. Sjöström, D. Brandon, A. Temple, J. Anderson
Post-flashover fires inherently lead to external fire plumes, constituting a hazard for rapid fire spread over façades. As multi-storey mass timber buildings with internal visible timber surfaces become more common, there are concerns that such buildings would produce larger external plumes and hazards (assuming all other parameters equal). The literature reveals only indications of this, and how the actual exposure relates to different test methods for assessment is unknown. Here we utilise a s...

Adhesive-and Metal-Free Assembly Techniques for Prefabricated Multi-Layer Engineered Wood Products: A Review on Wooden Connectors
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/2/311... [Connectors] [Journal Article] 2023
L. Han, A. Kutnar, J. Sandak, I. Šušteršič, D. Sandberg
Engineered wood products (EWPs) are being increasingly used as construction materials. EWPs are currently being made using synthetic adhesives or metal fasteners, which lead to poor recyclability and reusability. Therefore, this review paper focused on emerging adhesive- and metal-free assembling techniques including wood dowels, rotary-dowel welding, wooden nails, and dovetail joining as alternative ways of making prefabricated EWPs. This will contribute towards green construction and optimisin...

Climate Smart Forestry in the Southern United States
https://www.cakex.org/sites/default/files/document... [Environmental Performance] [Journal Article] 2022
Noah T. Shephard, Lana Narine, Yucheng Peng, Adam Maggard
In the United States, Climate Smart Forestry (CSF) has quickly become a popular topic within the academic, political, and industry realms, without substantial delineation of what exactly CSF is. In this review, the aim is to provide a broad overview of CSF by highlighting one of the most productive and prolific forest systems in the United States, loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations. One major objective of CSF is to increase forest carbon storage to combat rising atmospheric carbon or cli...