Influence of the Adhesive on the Load-Carrying Capacity of Glued Laminated Timbe
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315429298... [Fire Performance] [Book/Book Section] 2011
M. Klippel, A. Frangi, M. Fontana
Design models for timber structures in fire usually take into account the loss in cross-section due to charring and the temperature-dependent reduction in strength of timber. For bonded timber elements like glued laminated timber beams it is assumed that the adhesive used does not influence the resistance of structural timber beams significantly. To investigate the fire resistance of bonded timber elements a comprehensive research project is currently in progress at the Institute of Structural E...

Higher Mode Effects in Multi-Storey Timber Buildings with Varying Diaphragm Flexibility
http://www.nzsee.org.nz/db/2016/Papers/O-30%20Moro... [Mechanical Performance] [Conference Paper] 2014
Daniel Moroder, Francesco Sarti, Stefano Pampanin, Tobias Smith, Andrew Buchanan
With the increasing acceptance and popularity of multi-storey timber buildings up to 10 storeys and beyond, the influence of higher mode effects and diaphragm stiffness cannot be overlooked in design. Due to the lower stiffness of timber lateral load resisting systems compared with traditional construction materials, the effect of higher modes on the global dynamic behaviour can be more critical. The presence of flexible timber diaphragms creates additional vibration modes, which have the potent...

Collection, Storage and Examination of Data for Popularizing CLT
http://clta.jp/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/2361bfa5... [Markets] [Report] 2014
Atsushi Miyatake, Shiro Nakajima, Ryuuya Shibuzawa
...

Feasibility Parametric Analysis of X-Lam Tall Buildings
http://tesi.cab.unipd.it/49724/1/TESI_MATTEO_PASIN... [Tall Buildings] [Thesis/Dissertation] 2015
Pasin Matteo
L’obbiettivo di questa tesi è lo studio della fattibilità di progettazione e di costruzione di edifici alti in legno, costituiti da un nucleo centrale e setti perimetrali per una migliore ridistribuzione dell’azione sismica. La base di partenza degli studi condotti è l’articolo “Structural characterization of multi-storey buildings with CLT cores”Polastri et al. 2014. Si è sviluppato un processo operativo tramite serie di cicli iterativi per la progettazione delle connessioni necessarie a soddis...

Force Modification Factors for CLT Structures for NBCC
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274959406... [Seismic Performance] [Conference Paper] 2013
Marjan Popovski, Shiling Pei, John van de Lindt, Erol Karacabeyli
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) as a structural system is not introduced in European or North American building codes, and there is limited information available on the seismic factors for design of such structures. The objective of the study was to derive suitable ductility-based force modification factors (R d-factors) for seismic design of CLT buildings in the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC). For that purpose, the well-known six-storey NEESWood Capstone wood-frame building was redesigned...

An Innovative Connection System for CLT Structures: Experimental - Numerical Analysis
http://schd.ws/hosted_files/wcte2014/f2/ABS511_Ang... [Connectors] [Conference Paper] 2014
Andrea Polastri, Albino Angeli
The paper describes experimental and numerical analyses on a completely new connection system developed for CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) constructions. The innovative solution herein proposed, named X-RAD, consists of a point-to-point mechanical connection system, fixed to the corners of the CLT panels. This connection, that is designed to be prefabricated, is made of a metal wrapping and an inner hard wood element which are fastened to the panel by means of allthreaded self-tapping screws. Such...

Moisture Monitoring and Modeling of Mass-Timber Building Systems
https://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/pdf2018/fpl_201... [Moisture/Durability] [Conference Paper] 2018
Steven Kordziel, Samuel Glass, Shiling Pei, Samuel Zelinka, Paulo Cesar Tabares Velasco
The use of mass timber structural products in tall building applications (6–20 stories) is becoming more common around the world including North America. A potential concern is the environmental wetting of mass timber products during construction because such products may dry out more slowly than light-frame structural lumber, and wood, as an organic material, is susceptible to deterioration at elevated moisture contents. In order to better understand the moisture conditions present in high rise...

Application of Translational Tuned-Mass Dampers on Seven Storey Building Tested within the SOPHIE Project
http://schd.ws/hosted_files/wcte2014/d6/ABS229_Fra... [Seismic Performance] [Conference Paper] 2014
Guillaume Poh’sié, Giovanni Rinaldin, Massimo Fragiacomo, Claudio Amadio, Ario Ceccotti
The paper presents a numerical study conducted on a seven storey cross-laminated (X-lam) buildings equipped with translational Tuned Mass Dampers (TMD’s), as a technique for reducing the notoriously high drifts and maximum seismic accelerations of these types of structures. The building was modelled in the finite element software package Abaqus using 2D elastic shell elements and non-linear springs, which were implemented as an external user subroutine and properly calibrated to simulate the cyc...

Dynamic and Static Lateral Load Tests on Full-Sized 3-Storey CLT Construction for Seismic Design
http://schd.ws/hosted_files/wcte2014/b5/ABS572_Tsu... [Seismic Performance] [Conference Paper] 2014
Takahiro Tsuchimoto, Naohito Kawai, Motoi Yasumura, Tatsuya Miyake, Hiroshi, Isoda, Chihiro Tsuda, Sota Miura, Satoshi Murakami, Takafumi ,Nakagawa
In order to consider the seismic design method, the shaking table tests and static lateral load tests were conducted to the modelized CLT panel construction. As a result, it was clarified that the shear displacement and joint deformation under the seismic wave were smaller than those under the static load, and the load-deformation curves of the full-sized construction wasn’t equal to the summation of the elements’ curves. ...

Feasibility of Using Poplar as Cross Layer to Fabricated Cross-Laminated Timber
http://schd.ws/hosted_files/wcte2014/cb/ABS520_Gon... [Raw Materials] [Conference Paper] 2014
Zhiqiang Wang, Hongmei Fu, Ying-hei Chui, Meng Gong
Use of poplar (Populus euramericana cv. I-214) as cross layer to manufacture cross-laminated timber (CLT) was examined in this study. For comparison purpose, Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and Monterey pine (Pinus radiata D．Don) were used as well to produce five layups of CLT panels. The mechanical properties tested in this study included the bending strength in the major direction, modulus of elasticity in the major direction, shear strength parallel to the major direction and shear streng...

Connection and Performance of Two-Way CLT Plates
http://team.forestry.ubc.ca/files/2018/05/TEAM-Rep... [Mechanical Performance] [Report] 2018
Chao Zhang, George Lee, Frank Lam
The two-way action of Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) is often ignored in the design of CLT due to its complexity. But in some cases, for example, large span timber floor/roof, the benefit of taking the two-way action into account may be considerable since it is often deflection controlled in the design. Furthermore CLT panels are typically limited to widths of less than 3 m. therefore, for practical applications, engaging CLT panels in two-way action as a plate in bending would require connecting ...

Fire resistance tests on cross-laminated timber floor panels
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290332839... [Fire Performance] [Journal Article] 2013
M. Aguanno, George Hadjisophocleous, S. Craft
Cross laminated timber (CLT) is an innovative building product currently gaining popularity in countries around the world. However, there is little published information available regarding its performance in fire. The focus of this research is on a series of eight medium-scale CLT fire-resistance floor tests. Parameters such as charring rates, deflection, gypsum board protection and adhesive performance, as well as the overall fire resistance of the floors when subjected to both standard and no...

Design of Multi-Story Building Using Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization
http://schd.ws/hosted_files/wcte2014/70/ABS117_Arm... [Tall Buildings] [Conference Paper] 2014
Stéphanie Decker, Amadou Ndiaye, Boris Brangeon, Alain Sempey, Philippe Galimard, Marie Pauly, Philipe Lagière, Frédéric Bos
This paper presents a design method for multi-story timber building with consideration of regulatory constraints. The objective is to optimize in the same time thermal, structural and environmental objectives taking into account the industrial feasibility. To set up this method and the appropriate tool a study case is developed and will be implemented....

Experimental-Numerical Analyses of the Seismic Behaviour of Cross-Laminated Wall Systems
http://www.iitk.ac.in/nicee/wcee/article/WCEE2012_... [Seismic Performance] [Conference Paper] 2012
Igor Gavric, Giovanni Rinaldin, Claudio Amadio, Massimo Fragiacomo, Ario Ceccotti
The paper discusses experimental and numerical seismic analyses of typical connections and wall systems used in cross-laminated (X-Lam) timber buildings. An extended experimental programme on typical X-Lam connections was performed at IVALSA Trees and Timber Institute. In addition, cyclic tests were also carried out on full-scale single and coupled X-Lam wall panels with different configurations and mechanical connectors subjected to lateral force. An advanced non-linear hysteretic spring to des...

Cross-Laminated Timber Roof Panels at the Promega Corporation Facility: Documenting Installation and Monitoring In-Service Moisture Conditions
http://www.apawood.org/Data/Sites/1/documents/tech... [Moisture/Durability] [Report] 2013
Samuel Glass, Jennifer Romanin, Jim Schumacher, Kris Spickler
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a prefabricated solid engineered wood product made of at least three orthogonally bonded layers of lumber to form a solid timber panel intended for roof, floor, or wall applications. It is a highly “green” material that is made from an abundant renewable resource, sequesters carbon, has low embodied energy, and has excellent aesthetic, structural, and thermal properties. Although this engineered wood product has been used in Europe for over 15 years, the productio...

Life Cycle Assessment and Environmental Building Declaration for Design Building
https://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/rips/fplrip-485... [Environmental Performance] [Report] 2016
Jennifer O'Connor, Hongmei Gu
The objective of the study is to produce materials for communicating the environmental performance of the Design Building at UMass Amherst. The intended useof the EBD will therefore be for educational and marketing purposes....

Cross-Laminated Timber: Towards a Consistent Structural Insulated Panel for Passive Building in Belgium
http://schd.ws/hosted_files/wcte2014/23/ABS366_Rod... [Other] [Conference Paper] 2014
Laurent Léoskool, Thierry Descamps, Laurent Van Parys, Vladimir Trujillo
Nowadays, it is possible to build zero-energy houses or even positive energy buildings. Nevertheless, many incoherencies exists if we attach importance to the embodied energy of its constructions. The present paper lays on the logic of structural insulated panel which is used in many low-energy and passive houses and go further in order to reduce the global greenhouse gases emissions. For this purpose, cross-laminated timber is used instead of oriented strand board and the insulation used is mad...

An Analytical Estimation on Seismic Performance of 3 Story Construction with Sugi CLT Panels Depending on Connection Properties
http://schd.ws/hosted_files/wcte2014/5e/ABS237_Miy... [Seismic Performance] [Conference Paper] 2014
Tatsuya Miyake, Kazuyuki Matsumoto, Takahiro Tsuchimoto, Hiroshi Isoda, Naohito Kawai, Motoi Yasumura
In this paper, the relations between the load-deformation property of the CLT connections and the seismic performance of the 3 story CLT construction are analytically discussed. The static and the dynamic properties of the CLT connections led each from the static and the dynamic tests were obviously different, however the analytical results based on these properties were agree each with the results of the static and the dynamic tests proving the adequateness of estimated properties. The further ...

Determination of Seismic Performance Factors for CLT Shear Wall Systems
https://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/pdf2016/fpl_201... [Seismic Performance] [Conference Paper] 2016
M. Omar Amini, John van de Lindt, Douglas Rammer, Shiling Pei, Philip Line, Marjan Popovski
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CLT Research: Available and Accessible to North American Building Designers
http://www.woodworks.org/wp-content/uploads/CLT-Re... [General Information] [Journal Article] 2016
Lisa Podesto, Scott Breneman
In 2010, cross laminated timber (CLT) took US designers by storm when architect Andrew Waugh toured the US sharing the amazing success of what was, at that time, the tallest modern timber structure in the world. A nine-story building constructed almost entirely of CLT seemed out of reach for designers in the US; yet here we are five years later with approved codes and standards inclusive of CLT construction up to six stories prescriptively and perhaps more using the performance path. Cross lamin...